江西省农村居民点时空特征及其影响因素研究

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2005、2010、2015年江西省农村居民点矢量数据，借助网格统计、样带分析及地理探测器等方法，结合网格和县域2种尺度，刻画了农村居民点数量及规模的时空格局特征；并利用地理探测器定量识别县域层面农村居民点用地面积的影响因素。研究表明，江西省农村居民点数量多、规模小，呈现出在大尺度空间离散而在局部区域集聚的特征，农村居民点数量和面积均具有北多南少的空间分异特征，城市周边、平原地区、中心村镇等是农村居民点高度集聚和扩张的主要区域。在乡村人口持续向城镇转移背景下，农村居民点斑块数量和面积不降反增，细碎化特征更为突出，空间变化上以围绕城镇与交通线的居民点扩张和土地整治及生态移民导致的居民点收缩并存。在农业发展及人口增长、县域经济发展及投资带动、地形制约3类因素综合作用下，形成了江西省农村居民点用地面积格局。

关键词: 农村居民点, 空间格局, 影响因素, 江西省

Abstract:

Rural settlements are critical ecological-production-living spaces in rural areas. Exploring its spatial pattern and evolution process are significant for optimizations of land resources. The spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province between 2005 and 2015 were analyzed based on remote sensing data by using the methods including grid analysis, transect investigation and geographical detector. It has been found that there were a large number of rural settlements in Jiangxi province, which were highly dispersed in larger spatial scales and agglomerated in smaller spatial scales. The spatial pattern of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province showed a north-south differentiation, i.e. more patches and larger total areas in the north while less patches and smaller total areas in the south. It was also found that there were generally more settlements in lowlands and areas closing to cities and towns. Jiangxi Province has experienced accelerated rural-urban migration in the past decades. Nevertheless, the number and total area of rural settlements increased by 35.8% and 21.4%, respectively, showing an expansion to cities, towns and main roads. In contrast, the decrease of rural residential area happened in mountainous areas and the peripheral areas of big cities owing to ecological immigrant project and rural residential land consolidation. Generally, the area of rural settlements was become more fragmentated. The geographical detector analysis indicate that the main factors influencing county level rural settlement patterns are agricultural and economic development, population growth and topographical conditions.

Key words: rural settlements, spatial pattern, affecting factor, Jiangxi Province

中图分类号:

X87
F301.24

徐羽, 钟业喜, 徐丽婷, 阳文静. 江西省农村居民点时空特征及其影响因素研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(6): 504-511.

XU Yu, ZHONG Ye-xi, XU Li-ting, YANG Wen-jing. Research on Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Driving Forces of Rural Settlements in Jiangxi Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(6): 504-511.

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