Abstract: The climate change has significant effects on the potential distribution of Martes zibellina in Daxing'anling region. Eight key environmental factors, including four climate variables (Bio1, Bio2, Bio5, Bio6), three topographic variables (slope, aspect, elevation) and vegetation type, were selected to simulate the potential distribution of Martes zibellina in Daxing'anling by using MaxEnt model with the current and the future climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5, 8.5). The Priority Protection Areas (PPAs) and the target PPAs were identified by Zonation and ArcGIS. The results show that:(1) The suitable habitats of Martes zibellina are mainly distributed in the central and the northwestern parts of Daxing'anling with the current climate scenario, which is 13.74% of the total area of Daxing'anling region; (2) With the future climate change scenarios, the suitable habitats of Martes zibellina would be decreased by 7.21-13.72 percent compared to the current area; (3) Under current climate condition, the PPAs of Martes zibellina are mainly distributed in the northeast of Ergun City, the southwest of Mohe County, the west of Huma County and the east of Genhe City, and 46.19% of the target PPAs have been conserved by protected areas (PAs). The protection gaps were mainly distributed in the central and the east of Genhe City, and the juncture of Ergun City and Mohe County. It is recommended to set ecological corridors and more PAs to provide strong guarantee for the effective protection of Martes zibellina.