生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 870-878.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0488

• 区域环境与发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆和田地区土地荒漠化时空特征分析

努尔麦麦提·如孜1, 王雪梅1,2   

  1. 1. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;
    2. 新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-28 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 王雪梅 E-mail:502529672@qq.com
  • 作者简介:努尔麦麦提·如孜(1993-),男,维吾尔族,新疆莎车人,硕士生,研究方向为资源环境遥感。E-mail:1653210923@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2020D01A79);国家自然科学基金(41561051,41261051)

Analysis on the Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Changes for Land Desertification in Hotan Area, Xinjiang.

NUERMAIMAITI·Ruzi1, WANG Xue-mei1,2   

  1. 1. College of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
    2. Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone, Urumqi 830054, China
  • Received:2019-06-28 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-07-18

摘要: 以干旱区土地荒漠化防治和生态环境修复为目的,对新疆和田地区土地荒漠化时空演变过程进行研究。基于RS和GIS技术,利用和田地区MODIS13Q1-NDVI遥感数据,以植被覆盖度作为荒漠化评价指标,对和田地区2000-2018年土地荒漠化时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)研究区植被覆盖度呈减少趋势的区域面积占总面积的0.38%,其中极显著减少区域面积占0.10%,显著减少区域面积占0.28%;植被覆盖度呈增长趋势的区域面积占12.88%,其中极显著增长区域面积仅占1.10%,显著增长区域面积占11.78%。(2)2006-2012年重度荒漠化区面积呈减少趋势,2012-2018年呈增加趋势,总体以年均0.59%的速率递增;中度荒漠化区面积呈减少趋势,平均每年以1.43%的速率减少,而轻度和非荒漠化区面积一直保持增加趋势,年均增速分别为2.19%和3.70%。(3)由面积转移矩阵可知,近20 a来,研究区土地类型未发生变化的面积为19.841×104 km2,非荒漠化区转移面积最少,中度荒漠化区转移面积相对较多。由于气温、降水和人类活动等因素的影响,近20 a来和田地区重度荒漠化区面积略有增长,轻度和非荒漠化区面积增加显著。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 荒漠化, 时空变化, MODIS13Q1-NDVI数据, 和田地区

Abstract: The temporal and spatial evolution process of land desertification in Hotan area of Xinjiang was studied with the aim of land desertification control and ecological environment restoration in arid area. Using MODIS 13Q1-NDVI remote sensing data of Hotan area based on RS and GIS technology and taking vegetation coverage as the evaluation index of desertification at different levels, the characteristics in spatial and temporal changes of land desertification in Hotan area from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed. The results show that:(1) the areas with decreasing trend for vegetation coverage accounted for 0.38% of the total study area, of which the area with extremely significant reduction with vegetation coverage accounted for 0.10% of the total area; and the area with significant reduction with vegetation coverage accounted for 0.28% of the total area; the area with increasing vegetation coverage accounted for 12.88% of the total area, of which the area with extremely significant growth with vegetation coverage accounted for only 1.10%, and the area with significant growth with vegetation coverage was accounted for 11.78% of the total study area. (2) The area of severe desertification showed a decreasing trend from 2006 to 2012 and then an increasing trend from 2012 to 2018, with an average annual increasing rate of 0.59%, while the area of moderate desertification showed a decreasing trend with an average annual decreasing rate of 1.43%, while the area of mild desertification and non-desertification maintained an increasing trend with an average annual increasing rate of 2.19% and 3.70%, respectively. (3) According to the area transfer matrix, in the past 20 years, the area of unchanged land types in the study area is 19.841×104 km2, the least transfer area was non-desertification area, and the transfer area of moderate desertification area was relatively larger. Due to the influence of air temperature, precipitation and human activities and other factors, the area of severe desertification in Hotan area has increased slightly in recent 20 years, while the areas of slight desertification and non-desertification have been increased significantly.

Key words: vegetation coverage, desertification, spatial and temporal change, MODIS13Q1-NDVI data, Hotan area

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