生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 619-626.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0483

• 污染控制与修复 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆阿勒泰地区土壤中多环芳烃含量水平及来源解析

许安1, 刘威杰1,2, 胡天鹏1,2,3, 邢新丽1,2,3, 祁士华1,3   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院盆地水文过程与湿地生态恢复实验室, 湖北 武汉 430074;
    2. 湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院矿区污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室, 湖北 黄石 435003;
    3. 中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-18 出版日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 邢新丽 E-mail:xingxinli5300225@163.com
  • 作者简介:许安(1996-),男,湖南隆回人,主要研究方向为环境地球化学。E-mail:15651781572@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(41773124);盆地水文过程与湿地生态恢复学术创新基地项目〔BHWER201503(A)〕;国土资源部岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室开放课题(KDL201902)

Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Soil of Altay, Xinjiang

XU An1, LIU Wei-jie1,2, HU Tian-peng1,2,3, XING Xin-li1,2,3, QI Shi-hua1,3   

  1. 1. Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-restoration, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
    2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2020-06-18 Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-05-21

摘要: 为了研究新疆阿勒泰地区土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)污染状况,于2018年10月对阿勒泰地区表层土壤进行采样,共采集样品14个,采用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS 7890A-5975MSD Agilent)测定土壤样品中16种优控PAHs含量,并对其组成、分布及来源情况进行解析。结果表明,阿勒泰地区表层土壤中∑16PAHs含量介于3.48~103.81 ng·g-1之间,平均含量为32.24 ng·g-1,PAHs组成以3、4环为主,其中,7种致癌PAHs总含量介于0.32~50.95 ng·g-1之间,平均含量为11.20 ng·g-1。研究区域土壤PAHs污染水平较低,且PAHs污染水平与海拔高度无显著相关性(r=-0.471,P= 0.668)。同分异构体比值法分析结果表明阿勒泰地区土壤PAHs主要来源于化石燃料及生物质燃烧,机动车尾气排放对PAHs贡献较大。主成分分析-多元线性回归解析结果表明,阿勒泰地区土壤PAHs主要受交通源(62.8%)、焦炉和燃煤源(28.2%)以及生物质燃烧源(9.0%)3个污染源影响,与新疆2012年排放贡献源相比,交通源以及焦炉和燃煤源排放占比呈上升趋势。

关键词: 多环芳烃, 土壤, 阿勒泰地区, 组成特征, 来源解析

Abstract: To investigate the levels, compositions, distributions and sources of PAHs in the surface soil of Altay, Xinjiang. Totally 14 samples collected from the surface soil in October 2018 were analyzed for 16 USEPA priority PAHs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total PAHs concentrations ranged from 3.48 to 103.81 ng·g-1, with an average of 32.24 ng·g-1, which were mainly composed of three-rings and four-rings PAHs. In addition, the total concentrations of seven carcinogenic PAHs ranged from 0.32 to 50.95 ng·g-1, with an average of 11.20 ng·g-1. Lower levels of PAHs contamination were found in surface soil of study area, and there was no significant correlation between PAHs level and altitude (r=-0.471, P=0.668). The results of PAHs isomeric diagnosis ratios show that the main sources of soil PAHs in Altay Area were fossil fuels and biomass combustion, and vehicle emissions contributed more to PAHs. Three sources including vehicle emissions, coke ovens and coal combustion, and biomass combustion were quantified by the PCA-MLR model, accounting for 62.8%, 28.2% and 9.0% of the total PAHs, respectively. Compared with emission contribution sources in 2012 of Xinjiang, the vehicle emissions, coke ovens and coal emissions showed an increasing trend.

Key words: PAHs, soil, Altay Area, composition characteristics, source analysis

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