成渝城市群黑碳气溶胶的时空分异特征及其对土地利用/土地覆被变化(LUCC)的响应

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0641

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于2000-2015年MERRA-2的黑碳气溶胶（BC）空间分布数据和土地利用/土地覆被数据，利用GIS空间分析手段和地理加权回归模型，识别成渝城市群BC浓度的时空分异和土地利用/土地覆被变化（LUCC）特征，探讨BC浓度对LUCC的响应关系。结果表明：（1）成渝城市群BC浓度在整体上呈现出中部高、四周低的同心圆格局，且这一态势在15 a中没有发生明显改变；2000、2005、2010和2015年的年均浓度分别为3.86、4.97、4.91和4.51 μg·m^-3，以2005年为拐点呈先上升后下降的趋势，且2005年高值区的空间范围最大，经历了扩张-收缩的变化过程；在季度水平上表现出冬季>秋季>春季>夏季的趋势，秋冬季BC污染形势严峻；（2）2000-2015年成渝城市群土地利用/土地覆被的主要类型为耕地、林地和草地，该时期3种地类面积总和的占比均在94.61%以上，土地利用结构未发生明显改变；以耕地与草地连续减少和建设用地持续增加为LUCC的主要特征，水域、林地和未利用地略有增加；（3）不同土地利用/土地覆被类型下的BC浓度总体上呈现出建设用地>耕地>水域>林地>未利用地>草地的特征；在不同的土地利用/土地覆被转换方式下，当人工用地转为自然用地时BC浓度降低，当自然用地转为人工用地时BC浓度增加；（4）地理加权回归模型计算结果表明，局域拟合系数较高区域的LUCC对BC浓度的影响较为显著，且呈现出明显的空间分异现象。

关键词: 成渝城市群, 黑碳气溶胶, 土地利用/土地覆被变化, 地理加权回归

Abstract: Based on MEERA-2 black carbon aerosol (BC) spatial distribution data and land use and land cover change (LUCC) data between 2000 and 2015, the distribution of BC mass concentration over time and space and characteristics of LUCC in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis methods and geographical weighted regression model. The response relationship between BC mass concentration and LUCC is discussed in this study. The results show that:(1) In general, BC concentration showed a concentric pattern of higher in the center and lower around the center, which hadn't changed obviously within the 15 years. The annual mean concentration of BC in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were 3.86, 4.97, 4.91 and 4.51 μg·m^-3, respectively, which showed a trend of first increase and then decrease, with the inflection point appearing in 2005. The spatial scope of the high value was the largest in 2005, which went through an "expand-shrink" changing process. The seasonal mean concentration showed high values in winter, followed by autumn and spring, with the lowest content in summer. So the BC pollution was serious in autumn and winter. (2) The cultivated land, forests, and grassland were the main land-use types from 2000 to 2015. The total area proportion of these three lands accounted for more than 94.61%, and with no significant changes in land-use patterns. The decreasing cultivated land, grassland and increasing construction land were the main trends of LUCC, while water surface, forests and unused land had increased slightly. (3) Generally, BC concentration was the highest on construction land, followed by cultivated land, water surface, forest, and unused land, and was the lowest on grassland. BC concentration decreased when artificial land was transformed to natural land, and vice versa, it would increase. (4) The results of the geographical weighted regression model showed that areas with higher Local R² value were the areas where LUCC had significant influence on BC concentration, which represented an obvious spatial differentiation.

Key words: Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration, black carbon aerosol (BC), land use and land cover change, geographical weighted regression model

中图分类号:

X513

王俊秀, 牟凤云, 田甜, 陈林, 李秋彦. 成渝城市群黑碳气溶胶的时空分异特征及其对土地利用/土地覆被变化(LUCC)的响应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(6): 724-732.

WANG Jun-xiu, MU Feng-yun, TIAN Tian, CHEN Lin, LI Qiu-yan. Spatial-temporal Differentiation of Black Carbon Aerosol in Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration and Its Relationship with Land Use and Cover Change[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(6): 724-732.

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