生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1115-1121.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0255

• 《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会第15次会议(COP15)专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙西南山区自然圣境植物物种多样性及其维持机制

李颖硕, 孙名浩, 赵富伟   

  1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-24 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 赵富伟 E-mail:zhaofuwei@outlook.com
  • 作者简介:李颖硕(1993-),女,河北沧州人,助理研究员,硕士,主要研究方向为遗传资源及其相关传统知识。E-mail:1219755637@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测与评估专项;科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2018FY100801-03);丽水市生物多样性本底调查项目

Study on the Plant Species Diversity and Management of the Sacred Nature Sites in the Mountain Area of Southwestern Zhejiang, China

LI Ying-shuo, SUN Ming-hao, ZHAO Fu-wei   

  1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
  • Received:2021-04-24 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-09-18

摘要: 自然圣境在生物多样性和文化多样性保护方面具有特殊地位。采用关键人物访谈、重要值、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数等方法,对浙西南钱江源-百山祖国家公园片区及其周边8个代表性村寨的4种自然圣境〔风水林、水口林(水尾林)、古坟林和古道林〕及其植物群落和植物物种多样性特征进行调查。结果发现,裸子植物在浙西南圣境乔木层中占有明显优势,但不同的自然圣境乔木层优势科和物种多样性存在差异。由于文化信仰和当地管理的作用,圣境中保存一些我国特有的珍稀濒危动植物,并且圣境中许多植物具有较高的食用、景观、科研、生态和经济等价值。然而,随着人口外流,文化信仰逐步消失,已难以保护这些自然圣境,急需创新管护机制,将重要但遭受威胁的自然圣境纳入现代保护体系中。

关键词: 自然圣境, 浙西南山区, 百山祖国家公园, 传统知识, 物种多样性

Abstract: Sacred nature sites (SNS) play a significant role in biodiversity and cultural diversity conservation. Taking the methodologies of key informant interview, species important value, Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index, plant community and its species diversity of four categories of SNS which locate in eight villages around and/or in the Qianjiangyuan & Baishanzu National Park at southwestern Zhejiang, namely, geomancy forest, village-entrances forest, ancient-tomb forest and ancient-road forest, were investigated. It indicates that gymnosperm possesses an obvious superiority in the tree layer of all SNS categories, but the dominant family and its species diversity are diverse in different categories of the SNS. Some endemic, rare and endangered flora and fauna as well as edible, aesthetical, scientific, ecological and economic plants are protected in the SNS due to the maintenance of cultural belief and customary governance by local people. However, the protection of the SNS is facing some challenges for the reason of population outflow and gradual fadeaway of cultural belief. It is urgently necessary to update the governance mechanism of SNS in order to integrate important but endangered SNS into modern governance.

Key words: sacred nature sites (SNS), the mountain area of southwestern Zhejiang, Baishanzu national park, traditional knowledge, species diversity

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