太湖流域1995-2018年生态系统服务供需关系研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0491

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 快速城市化导致生态破碎化日趋加剧，太湖流域正面临一系列生态退化与环境问题。采用格网方法将太湖流域划分成1 613个基本单元，采用基于土地利用类型的生态系统服务供需评价矩阵分析1995-2018年太湖流域生态系统服务供需平衡变化趋势，揭示流域生态系统服务供需等级及供需匹配时空变化格局。结果表明:(1)近20年流域生态系统服务供给减少，需求增多，总体呈现供不应求的趋势；(2)生态系统服务供需匹配等级总体从供需匹配向失配转变，匹配等级下降区域面积比例远超过上升比例；(3)生态系统服务供需赤字区面积增加2倍，快速城市化加速了流域生态系统服务供需亏损。未来生态系统服务供需研究需从矩阵区域化修正、长时间尺度、高分辨率尺度等方面开展，为流域生态保护与国土空间规划提供科学依据。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 供需关系, 太湖流域, 土地利用

Abstract: Rapid urbanization in the Taihu Lake Basin has led to the increasing ecological fragmentation, and is facing a series of ecological degradation and environmental problems. This study divided the Basin into 1 613 basic units at 5 km spatial resolution. The evaluation matrix of ecosystem service supply and demand based on land use types was used to assess the trend of ecosystem service supply and demand balance in the Taihu Lake Basin from 1995 to 2018. The matching level of ecosystem service supply and demand, and its spatio-temporal change pattern in the Basin were analyzed. The results show that:(1) The supply of ecosystem services has decreased while the demand of ecosystem services has increased in recent 20 years in this Basin, and the overall trend of the demand exceeded the supply; (2) The matching level of ecosystem service supply and demand has generally shifted from matching to mismatching, and the proportion with the downgrading matching levels was far higher than that with the upgrading matching levels; (3) The area with ecosystem service deficit increased by 2 times, and the rapid urbanization was the main factor to accelerate ecosystem service deficit in the Basin. Future study needs to improve the regional correction on the evaluation matrix of ecosystem services supply and demand, and explore the matching level of ecosystem service supply and demand at the long-term scale with higher resolution, so as to support watershed ecological protection and territorial space planning.

Key words: ecosystem services, supply and demand, Taihu Lake Basin, land use

中图分类号:

X32
TU986

梁彩萍, 徐昔保, 李景宜. 太湖流域1995-2018年生态系统服务供需关系研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(9): 1221-1228.

LIANG Cai-ping, XU Xi-bao, LI Jing-yi. A Study on the Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services in the Taihu Lake Basin from 1995 to 2018[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(9): 1221-1228.

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