基于结构改进的生物滴滤塔对鸡舍NH3和H2S的处理效果

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0684

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 1211-1220.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0684

基于结构改进的生物滴滤塔对鸡舍NH₃和H₂S的处理效果

童仪^1,2, 韦晓雨³, 黄诗瑜³, 杨攀³, 刘波³, 王晋¹, 王文林²

1. 常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 江苏常州 213164;
2. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 320102;
3. 南通大学地理科学学院, 江苏南通 226000

收稿日期:2021-11-08 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-09-21
通讯作者: 王晋,E-mail:68168053@qq.com;王文林,E-mail:wangwenlin_jjl@126.com E-mail:68168053@qq.com;wangwenlin_jjl@126.com
作者简介:童仪(1996-),男,江苏扬州人,硕士,主要研究方向为畜禽养殖恶臭气体治理。E-mail:3023846804@qq.com
基金资助:
生态环境部事业费项目"大型规模化养殖场大气氨减排指南制定"(2021);第二次全国污染源普查项目"畜禽养殖业氨排放技术规范、核算方案制定及华东、西南、西北区氨排放系数率定(2018)"和"畜禽养殖业氨排放系数验证及数据审核技术支持(2019)";国家"十四五"生态环境保护规划重点问题研究之"十四五"农业氨和秸秆排放控制思路研究;江苏省大学生创新训练计划项目(2021227);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2020761)

Study on the Treatment Effect of NH₃ and H₂S in Chicken Coop by Biotrickling Filter Tower Based on Improved Structure

TONG Yi^1,2, WEI Xiao-yu³, HUANG Shi-yu³, YANG Pan³, LIU Bo³, WANG Jin¹, WANG Wen-lin²

1. School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
2. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 320102, China;
3. School of Geographical Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China

Received:2021-11-08 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-09-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 围绕提升生物滴滤塔NH₃和H₂S的处理效率，并解决受循环液中氧气供应量不足而导致二次污染物累积的问题，设计了一种结构改进型生物滴滤塔。该塔自循环液进气，增大了传质效率并为循环液提供曝气，将其与目前研究中常用的普通生物滴滤塔进行对比试验。结果表明:针对气态NH₃和H₂S，改进型生物滴滤塔在低停留时间、低进气浓度条件下处理效率更高。在低停留时间(10 s)条件下，改进型生物滴滤塔NH₃和H₂S的平均处理效率分别为86.90%和80.79%，分别比普通型提高10.52和10.68个百分点。与普通型相比，改进型生物滴滤塔在更低的停留时间条件下能实现高效处理，对应所需的装置体积更小，建设和运行成本更低。在低进气浓度(NH₃，体积分数为5×10^-6；H₂S，体积分数为1×10^-6)条件下，改进型生物滴滤塔对NH₃和H₂S的平均处理效率分别为93.98%和87.73%，分别比普通型高10.74和17.47个百分点。与普通型相比，改进型生物滴滤塔能实现高效处理的适用浓度范围更广，可适用于不同排放水平的鸡舍。针对循环液中累积污染物，改进型生物滴滤塔的去除效率更高。在试验最后1个周期，改进型生物滴滤塔循环液中NH₄⁺、NO₂^-最终累积质量浓度分别为5.77和1.99 mg·L^-1，比普通型分别减少70.81%和76.49%；稳定终产物NO₃^-和SO₄^2-(均非国家现行的养殖场废水排放标准中的指标物)最终累积质量浓度分别为70.69和13.78 mg·L^-1，分别比普通型增加56.29%和29.21%。

关键词: 畜禽养殖场, 鸡养殖, 栏舍, 生物滴滤塔, NH₃, H₂S

Abstract: A structure-improved biological filter tower (BFT) was designed to improve its NH₃ and H₂S removal efficiency, so as to avoid the secondary contaminant accumulation due to insufficient oxygen in the circulating liquid. The improved BFT can increase mass transfer efficiency and provide aeration for the circulating liquid. The results of the comparing study of the improved BFT and ordinary BFT show that the improved BFT has the following advantages:It brings high treatment efficiency under the condition of short residence time and low intake gas concentrations. Under short residence time (i. e. 10 s), the average efficiency of the improved BFT in removing NH₃ and H₂S was 86.90% and 80.79%, respectively, 10.52 and 10.68 percentage point higher than that of the ordinary one, respectively. Compared with the ordinary BFT, the improved BFT can achieve efficient treatment under the condition of lower residence time, resulting in smaller device size and lower construction and operation costs. Under low intake gas concentrations (i. e. NH₃, 5×10^-6; H₂S, 1×10^-6), the average efficiency of the improved BFT in removing NH₃ and H₂S was 93.98% and 87.73%, respectively, 10.74 and 17.47 percentage point higher than that of the ordinary one, respectively. Compared with the ordinary BFT, the improved BFT can realize the efficient treatment of a wider range of applicable concentration, and can be applied to different emission levels of chicken house. It brings high efficiency in removing the accumulated pollutants in circulating liquid. In the last period of the experiment, the concentration of NH₄⁺ and NO₂^- in circulating liquid from the improved BFT was 5.77 and 1.99 mg·L^-1, respectively, 70.81% and 76.49% lower than that in the circulating liquid from ordinary BFT. The concentration of the stable end-products, NO₃^- and SO₄^2-(both not being indicators in the current national wastewater discharge standards for livestock farms), from the improved BFT, was 70.69 and 13.78 mg·L^-1, respectively, 56.29% and 29.21% higher than that in the circulating liquid from the ordinary BFT.

Key words: livestock and poultry farm, chicken breeding, breeding house, biological filter, NH₃, H₂S

中图分类号:

X512

童仪, 韦晓雨, 黄诗瑜, 杨攀, 刘波, 王晋, 王文林. 基于结构改进的生物滴滤塔对鸡舍NH₃和H₂S的处理效果[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(9): 1211-1220.

TONG Yi, WEI Xiao-yu, HUANG Shi-yu, YANG Pan, LIU Bo, WANG Jin, WANG Wen-lin. Study on the Treatment Effect of NH₃ and H₂S in Chicken Coop by Biotrickling Filter Tower Based on Improved Structure[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(9): 1211-1220.

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基于结构改进的生物滴滤塔对鸡舍NH₃和H₂S的处理效果

Study on the Treatment Effect of NH₃ and H₂S in Chicken Coop by Biotrickling Filter Tower Based on Improved Structure

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