新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区乡村人居环境质量时空分异及影响机制

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0179

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为全国首个跨省流域横向生态补偿试点,新安江流域生态补偿已经过3轮试点,并进入新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区建设阶段。生态补偿政策已经拓展到乡村生态环境保护与治理、产业结构调整、村民就业与生活水平等领域,直接影响乡村人居环境质量。科学开展乡村人居环境质量时空分异及影响机制研究对促进生态补偿机制优化具有重要意义,因此,选择2011-2019年新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区10个县(区、市)相关数据,采用熵权TOPSIS法和时空地理加权回归模型,对乡村人居环境质量进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)研究期新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区乡村人居环境综合质量以及乡村生态环境和乡村生活环境子系统质量总体呈上升趋势,而乡村生产环境呈现下降趋势。(2)新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区乡村人居环境质量呈现东西高、中部低的空间分布特征。(3)生态环境因素是研究区环境质量时空分异的主导因素,生产与生活因素是内在驱动因素,政策因素是外部直接因素。其中,生态补偿指数、新安江流域水质、乡村人均农林牧渔业总产值、乡村人均可支配收入、乡村医疗设施水平和乡村低保人数比例是驱动新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区乡村人居环境质量上升的主要影响因子,且影响力随着时间推移呈上升趋势。

关键词: 乡村人居环境, 时空分异, 熵权TOPSIS, 时空地理加权回归模型, 新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区

Abstract: As the first cross-provincial pilot project of ecological compensation in China, the ecological compensation in Xin'an River Basin has gone through three rounds of pilot stages and entered the construction stage of Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area. The ecological compensation policy has been extended to rural ecological environment protection and governance, industrial structure adjustment, villagers' employment and living standards and other fields, all of which have direct impacts on the quality of rural living environment. Scientific research on spatio-temporal heterogeneity of rural habitat environment quality and its influence mechanism is of great significance to promote the optimization of ecological compensation mechanism. Therefore, data of 10 counties (districts or cities) in the Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area from 2011 to 2019 were selected, and entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and geographically and temporally weighted regression model were applied to comprehensively evaluate the quality of rural habitat environment in this area. The results show that: (1)the comprehensive quality of rural habitat environment, as well as the quality of rural ecological environment and rural living environment subsystems were on the rise in the Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area during the study period, while the rural production environment was deteriorating. (2) The spatial distribution of the quality of rural habitat environment in the Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area was high in the east and west and low in the middle. (3) In the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of rural habitat environment in the study area, the ecological environment factor is the dominant factor, the ecological compensation policy is the external driving factor, and the production and living environment factors are the internal driving factors. Among them, the ecological compensation index, water quality of Xin'an River Basin, per capita gross output value of rural agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, per capita disposable income in rural areas, the level of rural medical facilities, and the proportion of rural low income households are the main factors driving the improvement of rural habitat environment quality in the Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area during the study period, and the influence of those factors has shown a rising trend over time.

Key words: rural human settlement, temporal and spatial differentiation, entropy-weighted TOPSIS, GTWR model, Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area

中图分类号:

X821
TU982.2

董冬, 罗毅, 王丽宸, 邰宇, 顾康康. 新安江-千岛湖生态补偿试验区乡村人居环境质量时空分异及影响机制[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(1): 29-40.

DONG Dong, LUO Yi, WANG Li-chen, TAI Yu, GU Kang-kang. Quality of Rural Human Settlement in Xin'an River-Qiandao Lake Ecological Compensation Experimental Area,Spatio-temporal Differentiation and Its Influence Mechanism[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(1): 29-40.

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