生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 584-590.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.1046

• 微/纳塑料分析方法和污染特征 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候因子作用下土壤中微/纳塑料的污染特征及生态效应研究进展

曹慧慧1,2, 姚时1,2, 李晓娜3, 倪妮4, 程虎5, 白雪6, 宋洋1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所/中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210008;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 江南大学环境与土木工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122;
    4. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏 南京 210042;
    5. 南京林业大学生物与环境学院, 江苏 南京 210037;
    6. 河海大学环境学院, 江苏 南京 210098
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-09 发布日期:2023-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 宋洋,E-mail:ysong@issas.ac.cn E-mail:ysong@issas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:曹慧慧(1999-),女,江苏徐州人,研究方向为土壤微塑料环境行为。E-mail:caohuihui@issas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021309);国家自然科学基金(42277303,42107244,42007136,42007124)

Research Progress on Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Effects of Micro/Nano Plastics in Soil under the Action of Climatic Factors

CAO Hui-hui1,2, YAO Shi1,2, LI Xiao-na3, NI Ni4, CHENG Hu5, BAI Xue6, SONG Yang1,2   

  1. 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
    4. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
    5. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
    6. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
  • Received:2022-10-09 Published:2023-05-24

摘要: 塑料制品的广泛使用导致陆地生态系统积累大量塑料垃圾,其风化破碎后形成微/纳塑料残存于环境中,对土壤生态系统造成威胁。目前全球气候变化导致高温、干旱、强降雨等特殊天气发生愈加频繁,直接影响土壤生态环境。温度、降水等气候环境因子对土壤中微/纳塑料的赋存状态、迁移转化和生态毒性等能够产生不同程度的影响。该文综述了不同气候因子对土壤中微/纳塑料污染与迁移的影响以及各气候因子与微/纳塑料两者的联合效应,发现升温、干旱、冻融与洪涝现象均能在一定程度上提高土壤微/纳塑料丰度,加速微/纳塑料的老化;两者联合效应体现于土壤性质、养分循环和植物生长等方面;其中升温与干旱联合微/纳塑料对土壤碳氮循环存在显著影响。未来研究重点应从不同气候因子对土壤微/纳塑料的老化特征与环境行为的影响,以及对土壤中关键生物地球化学循环过程的影响机制等方面深入开展。

关键词: 微/纳塑料, 土壤, 气候因子, 老化, 生态效应

Abstract: Large amounts of plastic wastes have accumulated in terrestrial ecosystem due to the abuse of plastic products. Soil ecosystem is facing great stresses by the micro/nano plastics, the fractions that fragmented from the weathered plastic wastes, and by extreme weather events such as high temperature, drought, and heavy rainfall caused by the global climate change. The climatic environmental factors such as temperature and precipitation affect the occurrence, transportation, conversion, and toxicity of micro/nano plastics in soil. The effects of different climatic factors on pollution characteristics and migration of micro/nano plastics in soil were reviewed. The combined effects of different climatic factors and micro/nano plastics on the soil ecology were also discussed. It was found that warming, drought, freeze-thaw, and flood could increase the abundance of micro/nano plastics in soil and accelerate the aging of micro/nano plastics. The soil properties, nutrient cycling, and plant growth could be influenced by the combination of climatic factors and micro/nano plastics. The soil carbon and nitrogen cycling were significantly affected by warming or drought accompany with existences of micro/nano plastics. Future research should focus on the effects of typical climatic factors on the aging characteristics and environmental behavior of micro/nano plastics and their joint effects on key biogeochemical cycling processes in soil.

Key words: micro/nano plastics, soil, climatic factor, aging, ecological effect

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