Abstract: Earthworm(Eisenia foetida) was used in an experiment to test toxicity of carbofuran and to study its effects on death rate,protein content,SOD activity and AChE activity of the earthworm under different temperatures.Results show that when temperature was set at 10 ℃ protein content of earthworm increased slightly at the beginning and then decreased with the exposure time in treatment 30 mg·L^-1 and it also decreased with the rise in concentration of carbofuran.SOD activities of the earthworms exposed to carbofuran were all lower than the check.ANOVA analysis indicated that the effects of exposure time and concentration were significant(P<0.01).But when temperature was fixed at 20 ℃,no obvious regularity was observed in variation of protein content and SOD activity.AChE activity of the earthworms was significantly inhibited by mono-pollution of carbofuran with the maximal rate reaching up to 90%.All the physiological and biochemical indexes were significantly influenced by temperature.As a stable index,AChE activity of Eisenia foetida can be regarded as a biological indicator to monitor and evaluate effect of carbofuran contamination to the soil environment.