生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 390-397.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2015.03.019

• 污染控制与修复 • 上一篇    下一篇

典型农药厂污染场地土壤中PAHs分布特征及来源分析

张孝飞,林玉锁,邓绍坡,龙涛,徐建,黄耀   

  1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-23 修回日期:2015-04-08 出版日期:2015-05-25 发布日期:2015-09-22
  • 作者简介:张孝飞(1979—),男,江苏扬中人,副研究员,博士生,主要研究方向为污染场地调查评估与修复。E-mail:zxf@nies.org
  • 基金资助:

    环保公益性行业科研专项(201009015,200809100)

     

Distribution and Sources of PAHS in Soil at the Site of a Former Typical Pesticide Plant

ZHANG  Xiao-Fei, LIN  Yu-Suo, DENG  Shao-Po, LONG  Tao, XU  Jian, HUANG  Yao   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University
  • Received:2014-12-23 Revised:2015-04-08 Online:2015-05-25 Published:2015-09-22

摘要: 以某典型农药厂退役场地为例,对场地土壤中具有较强人体危害性的化合物PAHs 含量、分布特征及来源进行分析。结果表明该场地土壤中PAHs 最大检出深度达到6. 0 m。在检出PAHs 的土壤样品中强致癌物苯并(a)芘(Bap)平均含量为1.63 mg·kg-1,最高含量为8.83 mg·kg-1。检出PAHs 的土壤样品中,60%为重度污染。随着深度的增加,高环芳烃含量及检出率均逐渐降低。0~1.2 m 深度内环数≤3、4 环及环数≥5 的PAHs 比例相当,主要单体为菲(Phe)、荧蒽(Fla)和芘(Pyr),1.2~6. 0 m 深度内环数≤3 的PAHs 所占比例最高,主要单体为萘(Nap)和2-甲基萘(2-Mnap)。特征化合物分子比例法分析表明,场地土壤中PAHs 来源有2 个方面:一是企业生产中使用石油产品过程中的泄漏、废弃物的燃烧等;二是场地上含有草、木、煤等垃圾杂物的燃烧。与场地原生产企业生产车间分布的对比分析结果表明,PAHs 检出点位绝大部分位于原企业生产车间,表明土壤中PAHs 的存在与原企业的生产活动有着较强的关联性。

关键词: 农药厂, PAHs, 分布特征, 来源

Abstract: A field investigation was carried out of the site of a deserted pesticide plant to explore content, distribution and possible sources of PAHs, a kind of chemicals extremely hazardous to human health. Results show that PAHs were detected in the soil 0-6.0 m in depth. In the soil samples with PAHs detected, benzoapyrene (Bap), a kind of strong carcinogen, averaged 1.63 mg•kg-1 in concentration, with the highest reaching 8.83 mg•kg-1 and 60% fell into the category of “heavily polluted”. With increasing soil depth, concentration and detection rate of polycyclic PAHs gradually decreased. In the 0-1.2 m soil layer, the percentages of ≤3-ring PAHs, 4-ring PAHs and≥5-ring PAHs in total PAHs were almost equal and phenathrene (Phe), Fluoranthene (Fla) and pyrene (Pyr) were the dominant chemicals. In the 1.2-6.0 m soil layer, PAHs with 3 or fewer rings became dominant, and was mainly consisted of naphthalene (Nap) and 2-methylnaphthalene (2-Mnap).  Characteristic compounds molecule ratio analysis reveals that PAHs in the soil of the site came mainly from 2 sources:one is leakage of petroleum products from the plant in the process of their being used in production of pesticides and burning of wastes, and the other is burning of grass, wood, coal and other garbage. Checking with the layout of the former pesticide plant, it was found that the sites of soil samples containing PAHs coincide with those of the workshops of the former pesticide plant, indicating a strong relationship between the presence of PAHs in the soil and the production activities of the former plant.

Key words: pesticide plant, PAHs, distribution, source

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