煤矸石复垦对小麦根系分泌特征和土壤氮转化的影响

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.03.010

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 397-403.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.03.010

• 西部重点矿区土地退化因素调查专题 • 上一篇下一篇

煤矸石复垦对小麦根系分泌特征和土壤氮转化的影响

程林森, 程伟, 卞正富, 雷少刚

中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221116

收稿日期:2015-11-10 出版日期:2016-05-25 发布日期:2016-05-27
通讯作者: 程伟,E-mail:chengweicn@163.com E-mail:chengweicn@163.com
作者简介:程林森(1990-),男,安徽桐城人,硕士生,研究方向为矿山生态修复。E-mail:chenglinsen@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110800);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-12-0956)

Wheat Root Exudation and Soil Nitrogen Transformations in Farmland Reclaimed From Coal Gangue

CHENG Lin-sen, CHENG Wei, BIAN Zheng-fu, LEI Shao-gang

College of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

Received:2015-11-10 Online:2016-05-25 Published:2016-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过现场调查试验,测定复垦区小麦(Triticum aestivum)不同生长期根系生长过程中根系分泌物、氮转化速率和2种酶活性的变化,以揭示煤矸石对小麦根系分泌物和氮转化的影响机理。结果表明:(1)煤矸石抑制生长期冬小麦的根长、根生物量和根系活力。(2)煤矸石的存在减少拔节期、开花期和成熟期冬小麦根际分泌速率Ⅰ(分别比对照农田减少25.47%、23.71%和9.95%)、Ⅱ(分别比对照农田减少39.83%、25.81%和10.84%),根际分泌速率Ⅲ在拔节期明显减少(比对照农田减少23.71%)。根际分泌速率Ⅲ(y)与作物根系活力(x)呈正相关,回归方程为y=0.012x-0.43,R²=0.874(P<0.05, n=30)。(3)煤矸石对小麦不同生长期土壤氮转化速率和土壤酶活性抑制作用明显。土壤氮转化效率、土壤酶活性与土壤根系分泌速率Ⅱ呈显著正相关(P<0.05),说明煤矸石可通过抑制植物根系分泌物的产生来减少土壤氮转化速率,可利用氮源的减少则进一步抑制了植物生长。

关键词: 采煤沉陷区, 复垦农田, 根系分泌物, 氮素转化

Abstract:

To investigate fundamental mechanisms of coal gangue affecting winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) root exudation and nitrogen transformations, a field experiment was conducted on a tract of farmland reclaimed from coal gangue. Exudates from wheat roots, soil N transformation rate, and activities of two extracellular enzymes at various growth stages of the crop in the farmland were analyzed and determined. Results show that: (1) The existence of coal gangue significantly decreased root length, root biomass and root activity of the crop wheat throughout its growth season; (2) The existence of coal gangue decreased root exudation rate Ⅰ by 25.47%, 23.71% and 9.95%, respectively, and root exudation rate Ⅱ by 39.83%, 25.81% and 10.84%, respectively at the jointing stage, flowering stage and maturing stage, and root exudation rate Ⅲ decreased significantly by 23.71% at the jointing stage as compared with that of the crop in a control field. Root exudation rate Ⅲ(y) was found to be positively related to root activity(x) and the correlation could be fitted with the regression equation of y=0.012x-0.43, R²=0.874(P<0.05, n=30); (3) Coal gangue inhibited significantly N transformations and soil enzyme activities at all the growth stages, and the two were positively related to root exudation rate Ⅲ (P<0.05), which suggests that coal gangue decreases N transformation rate by inhibiting crop root exudation, thus reducing the supply of available N and then restraining growth of the crop.

Key words: mining subsidence area, reclaimed farmland, root exudate, nitrogen transformation

中图分类号:

S154
X171.4

程林森, 程伟, 卞正富, 雷少刚. 煤矸石复垦对小麦根系分泌特征和土壤氮转化的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(3): 397-403.

CHENG Lin-sen, CHENG Wei, BIAN Zheng-fu, LEI Shao-gang. Wheat Root Exudation and Soil Nitrogen Transformations in Farmland Reclaimed From Coal Gangue[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(3): 397-403.

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煤矸石复垦对小麦根系分泌特征和土壤氮转化的影响

Wheat Root Exudation and Soil Nitrogen Transformations in Farmland Reclaimed From Coal Gangue

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