北京市门头沟区“煤改电”工程大气环境质量改善效果监测分析

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.10.005

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 898-906.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.10.005

北京市门头沟区“煤改电”工程大气环境质量改善效果监测分析

张继平^1,2,3, 宁杨翠^1,2,3, 刘春兰^1,2,3, 李铮^1,2,3, 王海华^1,2,3, 陈龙^1,2,3, 鲁春霞⁴

1. 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 北京 100037;
2. 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037;
3. 国家环境保护工业废水污染控制工程技术(北京)中心, 北京 100037;
4. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2016-10-27 出版日期:2017-10-25 发布日期:2017-11-24
通讯作者: 刘春兰,E-mail:liuchunlan@cee.cn E-mail:liuchunlan@cee.cn
作者简介:张继平(1983-),女,河南郑州人,助理研究员,博士,主要研究方向为城市生态学。E-mail:zhangjiping@cee.cn
基金资助:
北京市科技计划（Z161100001116017）；国家自然科学基金（41701209，41501607，41371486）；北京市环境保护科学研究院基金（2017-A-03）

Monitoring and Analysis of Effect of Project “Replacing Coal With Electricity” Improving Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Mentougou District, Beijing

ZHANG Ji-ping^1,2,3, NING Yang-cui^1,2,3, LIU Chun-lan^1,2,3, LI Zheng^1,2,3, WANG Hai-hua^1,2,3, CHEN Long^1,2,3, LU Chun-xia⁴

1. Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing 100037, China;
3. State Environmental Protection Engineering(Beijing) Center for Industrial Wastewater Pollution Control, Beijing 100037, China;
4. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2016-10-27 Online:2017-10-25 Published:2017-11-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

北京市农村地区煤炭消费严重影响区域空气质量。为改善空气质量，减少农村地区燃煤污染，北京市开展了以"煤改电"工程为代表的农村地区"减煤换煤、清洁空气"行动。为科学评估"煤改电"工程对区域大气环境质量的改善作用，研究选择门头沟区王平镇辖区内的东马各庄村和西石古岩村分别作为实施"煤改电"工程和未实施"煤改电"工程的典型区域，对比PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂及NO₂等大气污染物浓度的差异，分析"煤改电"工程的大气污染物减排效果。结果表明，实施了"煤改电"工程的东马各庄村PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO₂质量浓度分别比未实施"煤改电"工程的西石古岩村低44.90%、24.75%、20.41%和26.67%；PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO₂的采暖季质量浓度分别是非采暖季的1.4、1.6、1.8和1.4倍。"煤改电"工程能够有效改善区域空气质量，尤其是在降低细颗粒物浓度方面具有较好的环境效益。建议未来加强对农村地区煤炭消费的监督管理，在积极巩固"煤改电"工程现有成果的基础上，加强政府政策引导，稳步推进"煤改电"工程实施规模。

关键词: “煤改电”工程, 大气污染物, 大气环境监测, 北京市, 门头沟区

Abstract:

Coal consumption in the rural areas of Beijing severely affects air quality of the region. The government has unfolded a movement entitled "Reducing Coal Consumption and Replacing Coal to Clean the Air", with the project of "Replacing Coal with Electricity" as representative in the rural areas of Beijing in an attempt to clean the air and reduce the pollution of smoke from coal burning. For scientific evaluation of effects of the project on regional air environmental quality, Dongmagezhuang Village and Xishiguyan Village in Wangping Town of Mentougou District were picked as two cases for study, one representing areas before unfolding of the project and the other representing areas after implementation of the project. Comparison was made between the two, in concentration of pollutants in the air, such as PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂ and NO₂ for analysis of effects of the project reducing pollutant emission into the atmosphere. Results show that Dongmagezhuang Village was 44.90%, 24.75%, 20.41% and 26.67% lower respectively, than Xishiguyan Village in concentration of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂, and mass concentration of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂, in the heating season was 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 1.4 times as high as their respective one in the non-heating season. All the findings in the study demonstrate that the project improved the regional air quality, generating better environmental benefits, like lowering PM_2.5 concentration in the air. It is, therefore, suggested that supervisory management of coal consumption in the rural areas should be strengthened in the future. And in addition to the consolidation of the beneficial effects of the project, more efforts should be devoted to intensification of government guidance using policies and steady extrapolation of the project in scale.

Key words: “Replacing coal with electricity&rdquo, project, atmospheric pollutants, atmospheric environmental monitoring, Beijing, Mentougou District

中图分类号:

X511

张继平, 宁杨翠, 刘春兰, 李铮, 王海华, 陈龙, 鲁春霞. 北京市门头沟区“煤改电”工程大气环境质量改善效果监测分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(10): 898-906.

ZHANG Ji-ping, NING Yang-cui, LIU Chun-lan, LI Zheng, WANG Hai-hua, CHEN Long, LU Chun-xia. Monitoring and Analysis of Effect of Project “Replacing Coal With Electricity” Improving Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Mentougou District, Beijing[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(10): 898-906.

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北京市门头沟区“煤改电”工程大气环境质量改善效果监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis of Effect of Project “Replacing Coal With Electricity” Improving Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Mentougou District, Beijing

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