骆马湖邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及健康风险评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.10.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为调查骆马湖邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）分布特征，2016年4月，在骆马湖设置水质采样点22个，沉积物采样点6个，鱼样6个。利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了骆马湖水体、沉积物、鱼体内11种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）含量。结果显示，水体、沉积物、鱼体中检出2种邻苯二甲酸酯，为邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）。湖水ρ（PAEs）为0.05~186.8 μg·L^-1（平均值为52.94 μg·L^-1）；沉积物w（PAEs）为786.5~1 138 μg·kg^-1（平均值为952.4 μg·kg^-1），是水体浓度的18.0倍；鱼体中w（PAEs）为1 078~1 996 μg·kg^-1（平均值为1 533 μg·kg^-1），是水体浓度的29.0倍，即PAEs的生物富集系数（BCF）均值为29.0。这表明邻苯二甲酸酯类污染物在沉积物和鱼体内富集性较强。与国内其他水源地相比，骆马湖PAEs污染水平较低。健康风险评价结果表明，骆马湖周边居民PAEs暴露量不会构成急性毒性。但是因PAEs具有蓄积性，长期的慢性毒性值得关注，儿童的暴露风险较高，应引起重视。

关键词: 邻苯二甲酸酯, 骆马湖, 分布特征, 风险评价

Abstract:

To characterize distribution of phthalate esters(PAEs) in Lake Luoma, a total of 22 water samples, 6 sediment samples and 6 fish samples were collected from the lake in April, 2016 for analysis of 11 kinds of PAEs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results show that only diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were detected in water, sediment and fish samples. Concentrations of PAEs were obviously higher in the lake than in inflowing rivers and in outlets of the lake. PAEs concentration varied in the range of 0.05-186.8 μg·L^-1 (52.94 μg·L^-1 on average) in the lake water samples, 786.5-1 138 μg·kg^-1 (952.4 μg·kg^-1 on average) in the sediment samples, which was 18.0 times higher than that in the lake water samples, and 1 078-1 996 μg·kg^-1 (1 533 μg·kg^-1 on average) in the fish samples, which was 29.0 times higher than that in the lake water samples. That is to say, the mean BCF of PAEs in Lake Luoma was 29.0. All the findings indicate that accumulation of PAEs is high in sediment and fish. But as compared with water bodies in the other water source regions in China, Lake Luoma is relatively low in PAE contamination. Health risk assessment shows that the exposure of the residents around the lake to PAEs does not pose any acute toxicity. However, as the substances are highly bioaccumulative, their chronic toxicity should not be ignored, especially for its higher exposure risks to children.

Key words: phthalate esters, Lake Luoma, distribution characteristics, risk assessement

中图分类号:

X524

徐怀洲, 宋宁慧, 张圣虎, 汪贞, 吉贵祥, 刘济宁, 石利利. 骆马湖邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及健康风险评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(10): 928-934.

XU Huai-zhou, SONG Ning-hui, ZHANG Sheng-hu, WANG Zhen, JI Gui-xiang, LIU Ji-ning, SHI Li-li. Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Lake Luoma[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(10): 928-934.

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