生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 1010-1018.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.11.008

• 自然保护与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物质炭施加对新成水稻土碳组分及其分解的影响

庄硕1, 陈鸿洋1, 张明2, 崔军1,3, 方长明1   

  1. 1. 复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室, 上海 200438;
    2. 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所生态保护与气候变化研究中心, 江苏 南京 210042;
    3. 盐城师范学院江苏省盐土生物资源研究重点实验室/江苏滩涂生物农业协同创新中心, 江苏 盐城 224002
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-28 出版日期:2018-11-25 发布日期:2018-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 崔军,E-mail:jscj2004@163.com;方长明,E-mail:cmfang@fudan.edu.cn E-mail:jscj2004@163.com;cmfang@fudan.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:庄硕(1994-),女,黑龙江绥化人,硕士生,主要从事土壤生态学方面的研究。E-mail:16210700098@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国博士后基金(2016M601494);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130421)

Effects of Biochar Amendment on Soil Carbon Fractions and Their Decomposition in a North-Subtropical Paddy Field

ZHUANG Shuo1, CHEN Hong-yang1, ZHANG Ming2, CUI Jun1,3, FANG Chang-ming1   

  1. 1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
    2. Research Center for Ecological Protection and Climate Change Response, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China;
    3. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-resources for Coastal Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers'University/Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng 224002, China
  • Received:2018-02-28 Online:2018-11-25 Published:2018-11-21

摘要:

将玉米芯热解炭化的生物质炭施加于长江沉积物新成土上发育的稻田土壤中,1 a后采集土壤并进行土壤碳分组及土壤培养;基于生物质炭与土壤的碳同位素丰度差异,量化生物质炭来源的有机质在土壤组分中的分布,分析施用生物质炭对土壤碳组分及其培养过程中分解动态的影响。结果表明,施用生物质炭可显著增加各级团聚体的有机碳含量,大部分(76%~90%)生物质炭以游离态形式存在于大团聚体(>250 μm)和微团聚体(>50~250 μm)外,少部分与微团聚体或<20 μm土壤矿质较紧密地结合。添加的生物质炭未促进土壤团聚体的形成。土壤中生物质炭自身的分解很弱,但不同程度地促进了原有土壤碳的分解。该试验初步证实,生物质炭单独施用未明显促进新成土上发育的稻田土壤有机碳的稳定,反之短期内可能加速土壤原有有机碳的分解。

关键词: 生物质炭, 土壤碳分组, 团聚体, 碳稳定机制, 稳定性碳同位素丰度

Abstract:

Corncob-made biochar (C4) was amended to a paddy field which was newly developed from the Yangtze River sediment. After one-year biochar amendment the soil was fractionated to investigate the effects of biochar amendment on soil carbon fractions, as well as the carbon decomposition of such fractions during incubation. The distribution of biochar in soil fractions was quantified based on the different carbon isotope abundances between biochar and native soil organic carbon (nSOC, C3). The results indicate that biochar amendment significantly enhanced the organic matter content of aggregates at all size levels. 76%-90% of biochar existed as free particles in the macroaggregate (>250 μm) and microaggregate (>50-250 μm) fractions; only a minor proportion of biochar showed relatively tight interactions with soil aggregates or <20 μm mineral particles. These suggest that biochar amendment had not enhanced the formation of soil aggregates. Biochar itself decomposed extremely slowly during incubation of various soil fractions, but its amendment promoted the decomposition of nSOC. To conclude, the application of biochar alone did not significantly promote the soil carbon stabilization of entisols, but instead may accelerate the soil carbon decomposition in the short term.

Key words: biochar, soil carbon fractionation, aggregate, carbon stabilization mechanisms, stable carbon isotopic abundance (δ13C)

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