四川9种有蹄类动物夏秋季活动节律研究

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.11.007

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 1003-1009.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.11.007

四川9种有蹄类动物夏秋季活动节律研究

孙佳欣¹, 李佳琦², 万雅琼², 李晟³, 官天培⁴, 王杰⁵, 夏万才⁵, 徐海根²

1. 南京师范大学生命科学学院, 江苏南京 210046;
2. 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042;
3. 北京大学生命科学学院, 北京 100871;
4. 绵阳师范学院生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621000;
5. 中国科学院成都生物研究所, 四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2018-04-04 出版日期:2018-11-25 发布日期:2018-11-21
通讯作者: 李佳琦,E-mail:lijiaqihao@163.com;徐海根,E-mail:xhg@nies.org E-mail:lijiaqihao@163.com;xhg@nies.org
作者简介:孙佳欣(1994-),女,江苏南京人,硕士生,主要研究方向为生物多样性保护。E-mail:tee0107@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0505205）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（GYZX170308）；生态环境部生物多样性保护专项（2110404）

Study on the Activity Rhythms of Nine Ungulates in Summer and Autumn in Sichuan

SUN Jia-xin¹, LI Jia-qi², WAN Ya-qiong², LI Sheng³, GUAN Tian-pei⁴, WANG Jie⁵, XIA Wan-cai⁵, XU Hai-gen²

1. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China;
2. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China;
3. School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
4. Ecological Security & Protection, Mianyang Teachers'College, Mianyang 621000, China;
5. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2018-04-04 Online:2018-11-25 Published:2018-11-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于全国哺乳动物观测网络中四川王朗、四姑娘山、贡嘎山及亚丁4个自然保护区2017年6-11月红外相机数据，利用相对丰富度指数RAI对四川羚牛（Budorcas tibetanus）、中华鬣羚（Capricornis milneedwardsii）、水鹿（Cervus unicolor）、毛冠鹿（Elaphodus cephalophus）、林麝（Moschus berezovskii）、高山麝（Moschus chrysogaster）、小麂（Muntiacus reevesi）、中华斑羚（Naemorhedus griseus）和岩羊（Pseudois nayaur）9种有蹄类动物的相对种群数量和日活动规律进行研究。结果表明：（1）毛冠鹿在九种有蹄类动物中的相对丰富度（64.12%）最高，且明显高于其他动物。（2）小麂、毛冠鹿和中华斑羚的日活动模式呈双峰型，具有明显的晨昏习性。（3）水鹿和中华鬣羚是典型的夜行性动物。（4）毛冠鹿在不同地区日活动模式均呈双峰型，但不同地区其活动高峰出现的时间段存在差异。有蹄类动物种群数量与食物资源、捕食压力等有关，活动节律受多种生物和非生物因素影响。研究四川地区有蹄类活动节律，可以为该地区有蹄类的监测及有效保护管理提供依据，并能为其捕食者行为学研究和保护提供数据支持。

关键词: 有蹄类动物, 活动节律, 红外相机技术

Abstract:

The infrared camera data in this study were collected in four nature reserves (Wanglang, Siguniang Mountain, Gongga Mountains and Yading) of Sichuan Province through the Chinese Mammal Diversity Observation Network from June to November, 2017. Relative population and daily activity rhythms of nine ungulates were studied using the relative abundance index (RAI), including Budorcas tibetanus, Capricornis milneedwardsii, Cervus unicolor, Elaphodus cephalophus, Moschus berezovskii, Moschus Chrysogaster, Muntiacus reevesi, Naemorhedus griseus and Pseudois nayaur. The results show that:(1) E. cephalophus had the highest RAI (64.12%), which was significantly higher than others. (2) E. cephalophus, M. reevesi and N. griseus showed a bimodal activity pattern with peaks at dawn and dusk. (3) C. milneedwardsii and C. unicolor showed obviously higher levels of nocturnal than diurnal activity. (4) E. cephalophus had similar daily bimodal activity patterns with different activity peaks in different areas. It is indicated that the ungulates' population was related to food resources and predation pressure, and their daily activity rhythms may be influenced by many biotic and abiotic factors. This study can provide the basis for monitoring, protection and management of ungulates in a more efficient way, and offer the data support for the behavior study and conservation of their predators.

Key words: ungulate, activity rhythm, camera-trapping

中图分类号:

S862
X176

孙佳欣, 李佳琦, 万雅琼, 李晟, 官天培, 王杰, 夏万才, 徐海根. 四川9种有蹄类动物夏秋季活动节律研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(11): 1003-1009.

SUN Jia-xin, LI Jia-qi, WAN Ya-qiong, LI Sheng, GUAN Tian-pei, WANG Jie, XIA Wan-cai, XU Hai-gen. Study on the Activity Rhythms of Nine Ungulates in Summer and Autumn in Sichuan[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(11): 1003-1009.

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四川9种有蹄类动物夏秋季活动节律研究

Study on the Activity Rhythms of Nine Ungulates in Summer and Autumn in Sichuan

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