生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 1050-1056.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.11.013

• 研究方法 • 上一篇    

3种氯代烷基有机磷阻燃剂对摇蚊幼虫的毒性效应

马丽丽, 高雨轩, 陈微秋, 武灵瑶, 张贤胜, 余大洋, 王国祥   

  1. 南京师范大学环境学院, 江苏 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-28 出版日期:2018-11-25 发布日期:2018-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 王国祥,E-mail:wangguoxiang@njnu.edu.cn E-mail:wangguoxiang@njnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马丽丽(1981-),女,山西运城人,博士,实验师,主要研究方向为污染物人口暴露途径及健康风险评估,以及土壤动物蚯蚓对新型污染物的毒性响应效应及机制探索。E-mail:09398@njnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41603114);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20161017);江苏省高校自然科学基金(15KJD610004)

Toxic Effects of Three Chlorinated Alkyl Organophosphorus Flame Retardants on Chironomus riparius Larvae

MA Li-li, GAO Yu-xuan, CHEN Wei-qiu, WU Ling-yao, ZHANG Xian-sheng, YU Da-yang, WANG Guo-xiang   

  1. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
  • Received:2018-08-28 Online:2018-11-25 Published:2018-11-21

摘要:

3种氯代烷基有机磷阻燃剂(OFRs-Cl)指磷酸三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)酯(TDCPP)、磷酸三(2-氯-丙基)酯(TCPP)和磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP)。采用加标于水法研究3种新型环境污染物OFRs对伸展摇蚊(Chironomus riparius)四龄幼虫的毒性效应。结果表明,ρ(TDCPP)和ρ(TCEP)为5.0 mg·L-1时能促进摇蚊幼虫羽化,且TDCPP的促进效果更强。3种OFRs-Cl暴露对摇蚊幼虫抗氧化酶产生较大影响,幼虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随浓度增加均被诱导增加,丙二醛(MDA)含量在5.0 mg·L-1条件下均增加。热休克蛋白同源物(HSC70基因)分别在ρ(TDCPP)和ρ(TCEP)为5.0 mg·L-1时显著上调,ρ(TCPP)为5.0 mg·L-1时显著下调(P<0.05)。细胞色素P450家族(CYP4G基因)在3种OFRs-Cl胁迫下均下调,而TDCPP胁迫的下调效果最为显著。进一步分析发现,TDCPP对幼虫SOD和MDA有剂量-效应关系,不同酶和基因对3种OFRs-Cl的敏感性不同,解毒酶和相关基因未呈显著相关性,故可选择不同指标作为生物标志物监测OFRs-Cl对摇蚊幼虫的毒性大小。

关键词: 氯代烷基有机磷阻燃剂, 伸展摇蚊, 毒性效应

Abstract:

Three typical chlorinated alkyl organophosphate flame retardants (OFRs-Cl), including triphosphate (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) ester (TDCPP), triphosphate (2-chloro-propyl) ester (TCPP) and triphosphate (2-chloro-ethyl) ester (TCEP), were emerging pollutants for the environment. In the present study, the acute toxic effects of TDCPP, TCPP and TCEP on the fourth instar larvae of Chieonomua riparius were examined by spiked water method. The results show that 5.0 mg·L-1 TDCPP and TCEP promoted the emergence of larvae, and the promotion effect of TDCPP was stronger than TCEP. All three types of OFRs-Cl had significant effects on the antioxidant enzymes of the larvae of midges. The activities of SOD and CAT in the larvae were induced positively with the increase of OFRs-Cl concentration, and that of MDA was increased at 5.0 mg·L-1. The expression of HSC70 gene was significantly up-regulated at 5.0 mg·L-1 of TDCPP and TCEP, and was significantly down-regulated at 5.0 mg·L-1 of TCPP. In the presence of TDCPP, TCPP and TCEP induced stress, the expression of CYP4G gene were all down-regulated, while the down-regulation was the most significant under TDCPP stress than TCPP and TCEP. A dose-effect relationship was confirmed between TDCPP and SOD or MDA. Different enzymes and genes showed different sensitivity on three OFRs-Cl, yet detoxifying enzymes and related genes showed no significant correlation. Different indexes could be selected as biomarkers for monitoring the varied toxicity derived from three OFRs-Cl on C. riparius.

Key words: chlorinated alkyl organophosphate flame retardant, Chironomus riparius, toxicity effect

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