沉积记录揭示的湖泊长期生态系统服务权衡/协同机制:进展、案例剖析与展望

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0135

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

揭示生态系统服务的时空变化特征及权衡/协同机制，对提升生态系统服务总体效益和人类福祉至关重要，已成为当前研究热点。在概述生态系统服务权衡/协同过程与机制的研究方法、进展基础上，以湖泊生态系统为研究对象（以长江中下游太白湖为例），探讨如何利用历史记录（包括文献记载及基于湖泊沉积的定量重建）来有效重建湖泊生态系统功能、定量各功能间权衡/协同特征、揭示生态服务间权衡/协同发生机制等重要问题，重点展示基于湖泊沉积物分析的古湖沼学方法在重建历史时期生态系统服务过程方面的技术优势。最后对目前存在的问题及今后的研究方向做一展望：古湖沼学方法的不确定性及指标解释有待进一步完善，需要进行生态系统过程-服务动态过程的多情景模拟研究，加大湖泊生态系统服务在不同时空尺度上的相互作用机制研究。

关键词: 湖泊生态系统服务, 权衡, 协同, 古湖沼学, 湖泊沉积物, 历史文献

Abstract:

Understanding the spatio-temporal process and tradeoff/synergy mechanism of ecosystem services (ES) has been a research hotspot, given its important role in enhancing the overall ecological benefits and human welfares. The methodology for establishing the pattern, process and drivers of such ES tradeoff/synergy over large spatio-temporal scale and current research status has been reviewed. It took Taibai Lake (29°56'-30°01' N,115°46'-115°51' E) in Hubei Province, China, as an example, to illustrate how to combine historical and paleolimnological records to quantify the process and reveal the tradeoff/synergy pattern of various ES. It clearly illustrated that primary production and biodiversity (supporting services) have increased (synergies), whereas climate and water purification (regulating services) have significantly decreased (tradeoffs) since the 1950s when attempts were made by the local population to reach a higher land/food ES level. The advantage of paleolimnological approach in understanding the long-term pattern of ES is highlighted. Finally, current limitation is indicated and following future research directions on this issue are proposed:to minimize the uncertainty of paleolimnological proxies; to make more effort on modelling the dynamic process between the ecosystem and service deliverary under multiple scenarios; to conduct more research on the lake ES tradeoff/synergy process across various spatio-temporal scales.

Key words: lake ecosystem service, tradeoff, synergy, paleolimnology, lake sediment, historical document

中图分类号:

X826
X524

董旭辉, 徐敏, 林媚珍, 李燕, 羊向东. 沉积记录揭示的湖泊长期生态系统服务权衡/协同机制:进展、案例剖析与展望[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 28-37.

DONG Xu-hui, XU Min, LIN Mei-zhen, LI Yan, YANG Xiang-dong. Lake Sediment Evidences Historical Patterns of Lake Ecosystem Services and Their Tradeoff/Synergy Mechanism: Progress, Case Studies and Prospective[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(1): 28-37.

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