新型微量元素型叶面肥对春小麦旗叶衰老、籽粒产量和品质的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0216

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 121-127.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0216

新型微量元素型叶面肥对春小麦旗叶衰老、籽粒产量和品质的影响

张春明^1,2, 兰汝佳², 甘淳丹², 管永祥³, 赵海燕², 蒋平安¹, 郑青松²

1. 新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 江苏南京 210095;
3. 江苏省农业技术推广总站, 江苏南京 210036

收稿日期:2018-04-16 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-01-22
通讯作者: 蒋平安, 郑青松 E-mail:jiang863863@sina.com;qszheng@njau.edu.cn
作者简介:张春明(1991-),男,江苏涟水人,硕士生,主要从事植物营养与施肥等方面的研究。E-mail:329210124@qq.com
基金资助:
上海市"科技创新行动计划"长三角科技联合攻关领域项目（17295810601）；江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[cx（16）1003-4）]；南京农业大学校级SRT计划（1713A07）

Effects of New Microelement Foliar Fertilizer on Flag Leaf Senescence, Grain Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat

ZHANG Chun-ming^1,2, LAN Ru-jia², GAN Chun-dan², GUAN Yong-xiang³, ZHAO Hai-yan², JIANG Ping-an¹, ZHENG Qing-song²

1. College of Grassland and Environmental Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
3. Jiangsu Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Nanjing 210036, China

Received:2018-04-16 Online:2019-01-25 Published:2019-01-22
Contact: 35 E-mail:jiang863863@sina.com;qszheng@njau.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨喷施新型叶面肥对作物产量和品质的影响及其机制，以"扬麦16号"为材料，研究小麦（Hordeum vulgare）抽穗扬花期或齐穗期喷施兴欣安利素液体叶面肥对小麦旗叶叶绿素（Chl）、可溶性蛋白（SP）和丙二醛（MDA）含量，抗氧化酶活性及籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明：喷施叶面肥明显提高小麦旗叶Chl和SP含量，提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性，降低叶片MDA含量，提高籽粒千粒重、产量以及籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值和稳定时间，结合多菌灵的肥料喷施，上述指标变化趋势更明显，但差异未达显著水平（P>0.05）。喷施2次和1次在产量和品质指标上的差异也未达显著水平（P>0.05）。综上所述，在小麦生长后期喷施叶面肥，可明显提高旗叶的抗氧化功能，延缓衰老，维持较高的叶绿素含量，加大籽粒灌浆能力，从而提高小麦籽粒产量和品质。

关键词: 小麦, 叶面肥喷施, 抗氧化, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects and mechanism of new foliar fertilizer on crop yield and quality, spring wheat (Yangmai 16) was as the experiment material. By applying foliar fertilizer with different dose and times, contents of chlorophyll (Chl), soluble protein (SP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of antioxidant enzymes in flag leaves were studied, and the grain yield and quality were also determined. The results show:contents of Chl and SP, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) in flag leaves were all increased under spraying fertilizer, and MDA contents in flag leaves were decreased significantly. Foliar fertilizer spraying increased 1 000-grain weight, grain yield, also increased protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation and stabilization time of grain. However, these above-mentioned effects were more obvious when fertilizer spray was combined with carbendazim, and these differences all did not reach significant level (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in yield and quality between spraying twice and once (P>0.05). Thus, foliar fertilizer application at flowering or heading stage can prevent leaf senescence and improve chlorophyll content by increasing the leaf antioxidation, and enhance grain filling, grain yield and quality.

Key words: wheat, foliar fertilizer spraying, antioxidation, yield, quality

中图分类号:

S512.1
S311

张春明, 兰汝佳, 甘淳丹, 管永祥, 赵海燕, 蒋平安, 郑青松. 新型微量元素型叶面肥对春小麦旗叶衰老、籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 121-127.

ZHANG Chun-ming, LAN Ru-jia, GAN Chun-dan, GUAN Yong-xiang, ZHAO Hai-yan, JIANG Ping-an, ZHENG Qing-song. Effects of New Microelement Foliar Fertilizer on Flag Leaf Senescence, Grain Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(1): 121-127.

参考文献

[1] SCHWESSINGER B.Fundamental Wheat Stripe Rust Research in the 21^st Century[J].The New Phytologist,2016,213(4):1625-1631.
[2] ZHAO H M,ZHANG X L,ZHANG S C,et al. Effects of Agricultural Biomass Burning on Regional Haze in China:A Review[J].Atmosphere,2017,8(5):1-9.
[3] 王文林,刘波,韩睿明,等.农业源氨排放影响因素研究进展[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(6):870-878.[WANG Wen-lin,LIU Bo,HAN Rui-ming,et al.Review of Researches on Factors Affecting Emission of Ammonia From Agriculture[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2016,32(6):870-878.]
[4] 田伟,李刚,陈秋会,等.等氮条件下化学肥料与有机肥连续大量施用下的环境风险[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(5):440-445.[TIAN Wei,LI Gang,CHEN Qiu-hui,et al.Environmental Risk Caused by Successive and Heavy Application of Mineral Fertilizer and Compost With the Same Amount of Nitrogen Applied[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(5):440-445.]
[5] JANUŠKAITIENÉ I,KACIENÉ G.The Effect of Foliar Spray Fertilizers on the Tolerance of Hordeum Vulgare to UV-B Radiation and Drought Stress[J].Cereal Research Communications,2017,45(3):309-400.
[6] LÜ X K,HAN J,LIAO Y C,et al. Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium Foliage Application Post-Anthesis on Grain Filling and Hormonal Changes of Wheat[J].Field Crops Research,2017,214:83-93.
[7] MARTINS K V,DOURADO-NETO D,REICHARDT K,et al.Preliminary Studies to Characterize the Temporal Variation of Micronutrient Composition of the Above Ground Organs of Maize and Correlated Uptake Rates[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1482.doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01482.
[8] DENG X,LIU Y,XU X X,et al.Comparative Proteome Analysis of Wheat Flag Leaves and Developing Grains Under Water Deficit[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2018,9:425.doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00425.
[9] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[10] 王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11] 刘冉.大型湿地植物对不同盐度水产养殖废水中多种污染物的吸收效果研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2017.[LIU Ran.Studies of the Absorption to Various Pollutant of Large Wetland Plants in Aquaculture Wastewater With Various Salinity[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2017.]
[12] 全国土壤普查办公室.中国土壤[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[13] WANG S X,LI M,LIU K,et al.Effects of Zn,Macronutrients,and Their Interactions Through Foliar Applications on Winter Wheat Grain Nutritional Quality[J].PLoS One,2017,12(7):e0181276.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181276.
[14] BLANDINO M,REYNERI A.Effect of Fungicide and Foliar Fertilizer Application to Winter Wheat at Anthesis on Flag Leaf Senescence,Grain Yield,Flour Bread-Making Quality and DON Contamination[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2009,30(4):275-282.
[15] SINGH V,SINGH B SINGH Y,et al.Site-Specific Fertilizer Nitrogen Management for Timely Sown Irrigated Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) Genotypes[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2017,109(1):1-16.
[16] 崔志伟,王康才,邱佳妹,等.叶面喷施氨基酸和微量元素对金银花生长发育和质量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(3):523-529.[CUI Zhi-wei,WANG Kang-cai,QIU Jia-mei,et al.Effects of Spraying Micronutrient and Amino Acids on Growth and Quality of Lonicera japonica Thunb[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(3):523-529.]
[17] MAN J G,YU Z W,SHI Y.Radiation Interception,Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Senescence of Flag Leaves in Winter Wheat Under Supplemental Irrigation[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:7767.doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07414-2.
[18] 吴安昌,黄正来,吴延华.追氮时期对不同小麦品种光合特性和产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(2):342-345.[WU An-chang,HUANG Zheng-lai,WU Yan-hua.Effect of Nitrogen Topdressing Stage on the Photosynthesis and Yield of Different Wheat Varieties[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2010,30(2):342-345.]
[19] ABID M,TIAN Zhong-wei,ATA-UL-KARIM S T,et al.Nitrogen Nutrition Improves the Potential of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Alleviate the Effects of Drought Stress During Vegetative Growth Periods[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016,7:981.doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00981.

新型微量元素型叶面肥对春小麦旗叶衰老、籽粒产量和品质的影响

Effects of New Microelement Foliar Fertilizer on Flag Leaf Senescence, Grain Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张春雨, 王海娟, 王宏镔. 赤霉素介导下植物对重金属的耐性机理[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(2): 137-144.
[2]	陈盾, 王小兵, 汪晓丽, 封克, 张绪美, 宋洁, 卑佳丽. 镉污染红壤的钝化剂筛选及钝化效果[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(1): 115-120.
[3]	解宇峰, 程德义, 石佳奇, 祝欣, 李志琳, 王磊. 高锰酸钾改性小麦秸秆吸附Cd²⁺的性能研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(5): 668-674.
[4]	韩芳玉, 张俊飚, 程琳琳, 童庆蒙, 刘勇. 气候变化对中国水稻产量及其区域差异性的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(3): 283-289.
[5]	何普, 刘鸿雁, 吴龙华, 牟婷婷. 高、低Cd积累水稻和小麦籽粒中Cu、Zn的富集特性[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(3): 385-391.
[6]	李书鑫, 杨文莹, 朱先灿, 王英男, 王竞红, 蔺吉祥. 丛枝菌根真菌提高植物抵御低温胁迫能力的生理机制研究进展[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(12): 1516-1523.
[7]	高佳佳, 杜军, 刘朝阳, 周刊社. 西藏地区主要农作物敏感区对气候变化的响应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(11): 1484-1489.
[8]	王悦满, 冯彦房, 杨林章, 刘杨, 侯朋福, 李辉信, 薛利红. 水热及裂解生物炭对水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(8): 755-761.
[9]	刘海涛, 汪承润, 刘玲, 柳云云, 叶蕴, 罗康康. 羧基化多壁碳纳米管与铅镉对蚕豆幼苗叶片的氧化损伤[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(8): 745-754.
[10]	蔡树美, 张中华, 徐四新, 张德闪, 曹亮亮, 顾富家, 诸海焘. 不同灌溉方式下施氮水平对设施春黄瓜产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(7): 606-613.
[11]	金淑, 席运官, 王磊, 陈秋会, 田伟, 杨育文. 有机与常规种植稻麦品质的比较研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(6): 571-576.
[12]	董姗姗, 石雪, 于赐刚, 张振华, 陈明, 刘燕. 花粉源大小及花粉竞争对抗病毒转基因小麦基因漂移的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(2): 140-145.
[13]	聂二旗, 郑国砥, 高定, 陈同斌. 中国西部农村生活垃圾处理现状及对策分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(10): 882-889.
[14]	马资厚, 薛利红, 潘复燕, 徐珊珊, 高倩, 杨林章. 太湖流域稻田对3种低污染水氮的消纳利用及化肥减量效果[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(4): 570-576.
[15]	石晓丽, 史文娇. 极端高温对黄淮海平原冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(2): 259-269.