关键词: 排污许可证制度, 中国, 美国, 农药行业, 对比

Abstract:

The pollutant discharge permit system is a basic environmental management system for controlling pollutant discharge. Based on the development of pollutant discharge permit systems in China and the United States, and the pollution characteristics of the pesticides, a comparative analysis was performed on the respective permit system, including the pollutant types, the distributed object, the method on determining emission limits, and the self-monitoring procedures. It is found that the current pollutant discharge permit system for pesticide industry in China may be improved through the following recommendations:(1)the types of pollutants controled should be increased based on the discharge characteristics of the pesticide industry; (2)it is suggested to distinguish the regions as attainment and nonattainment areas based on the standard of environmental quality. This will enable specific pollution control strategy to be applied in each district to achieve targeted management outcomes; (3)the emission limits should not be determined only by pollution control levels and other technical regulations for specific production systems, but also by the impact on the environmental quality of the region as a whole; (4)incentive policies could be adopted to promote cost-effective mutually beneficial outcomes for the pesticide industry with outstanding performance in pollution control.

Key words: pollutant discharge permit system, China, America, pesticide industry, comparison