新疆精河县生态变化评价及驱动力研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0574

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以1994、2002和2016年3期的Landsat遥感影像为基础数据源，借助新型遥感生态指数（RSEI），通过综合绿度、湿度、干度和热度4个指数和主成分分析，对精河县生态环境质量进行监测和评价。结果表明，以绿度、湿度、热度和干度为基础建立的RSEI指数具有一定的适用性，可较好地对精河县生态环境质量状况及其时空变化进行监测和评价。1994、2002和2016年RSEI指数均值分别为0.377、0.323和0.327，对RSEI指数进行分级处理后，发现流域生态环境质量较差等级居于主导地位，优等级有所减少，区内生态环境状况向差的方向发展。精河县人工绿洲扩张显著，天然绿洲面积减少，气候变化和人类活动共同作用于精河县的生态环境，生态环境质量变差受人为干扰影响较大。人口压力、城市化进程、不合理放牧、土地资源不合理配置、水资源低效利用等人为因素，仍是未来精河县生态环境建设需要协调的重点。

关键词: 生态环境, 遥感生态指数, 主成分分析, 土地利用, 精河县

Abstract:

Based on the Landsat remote sensing images from 1994, 2002, and 2016, the ecological environment quality of Jinghe County was studied by using the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) to analyze Comprehensive Green, Humidity, Dryness and Heat Index and Principal Components. The results show that the RSEI index based on greenness, humidity, heat and dryness has certain applicability, and can better monitor and evaluate the ecological environment quality and its temporal and spatial changes in Jinghe County. In 1994, 2002, and 2016, the average RSEI index was 0.377, 0.323 and 0.327, respectively, and after ranking the RSEI index, it was found that the "poor" quality of the ecological environment was dominant, the grade of "excellent" was reduced, the ecological environment in the area was developing to the bad direction. The artificial oasis in Jinghe County expanded remarkably, and the area of natural oasis decreased. Climate change and human activities have had combined effects on the ecological environment of Jinghe County. The deterioration of ecological environment quality is greatly affected by human disturbance. Population pressure, urbanization process, unreasonable grazing, rational allocation of land resources, inefficient utilization of water resources and other human factors are still the critical points to concern for future ecological environment construction in Jinghe County.

Key words: ecological environment, RSEI, principal component analysis, land use, Jinghe County

中图分类号:

S154.1

王丽春, 焦黎, 来风兵, 代鹏超. 新疆精河县生态变化评价及驱动力研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(3): 316-323.

WANG Li-chun, JIAO Li, LAI Feng-bing, DAI Peng-chao. Study on Evaluation and Driving Forces of Ecological Changes in Jinghe County, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(3): 316-323.

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