典型红壤区不同土地利用方式下氮素垂直分布及其影响因素

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0354

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤氮素迁移规律是农业面源污染研究的重要内容，探讨不同土地利用方式下氮素垂直分布及其影响因素对氮迁移规律研究具有重要意义。在亚热带典型红壤丘陵区利用动力土柱机采集了38个稻田、林地和茶园的1 m深原状土柱，分0~20、 > 20~30、 > 40~50和 > 70~80 cm 4层并间隔5 cm取样分别测定铵态氮、硝态氮和全氮以及其他土壤属性，研究氮素垂直分布对土地利用方式的响应及其影响因素。结果显示：（1）稻田上述4层土壤全氮含量显著高于林地和茶园（P<0.05），土壤铵态氮含量在各土地利用方式间差异不显著。就表层（0~20 cm）硝态氮含量而言，稻田土壤显著高于林地和茶园；茶园下层（>20 cm）土壤硝态氮含量显著高于稻田和林地。（2）土壤全氮含量与硝态氮含量关系密切（r=0.64，P<0.01）；有机碳含量、土壤剖面深度和容重是影响氮素垂直分布的重要因子，土壤氮含量与有机碳含量之间呈显著正相关，与容重、土壤剖面深度呈显著负相关（P<0.05），表明土壤性质对氮素的分布有重要影响。该研究有助于评价红壤丘陵区农业氮肥施用对水体污染的影响风险。

关键词: 红壤, 土地利用, 垂直分布, 面源污染

Abstract:

Understanding the role of soil nitrogen migration is an important part of agricultural non-point source pollution research. Studies on the vertical distribution of soil nitrogen and the influence of different land use patterns are very helpful for the investigation of nitrogen migration. 38 undisturbed soil columns (1-m depth)from paddy fields,woodlands and tea gardens were collected from a typical subtropical hilly red soil region. Each soil column was divided into four layers (0-20,>20-30,>40-50 and >70-80 cm)and sampled at 5-cm intervals to determine ammonium,nitrate,total nitrogen and other soil properties. Additionally,the vertical distribution pattern of soil nitrogen in relation to different land uses was investigated. The results show that total soil nitrogen in the paddy fields had mean values of 2.44 (0-20 cm),1.49 (>20-30 cm),1.30 (>40-50 cm)and 1.20 (>70-80 cm),which were significantly higher (P<0.05)than in the woodlands and the tea gardens. There was no significant difference in ammonium among the various land usages. The surface layer (0-20 cm)nitrate content in the paddy fields was significantly higher (P<0.05)than in the tea gardens and the woodlands. Nitrate content in the subsurface layers from the tea gardens was significantly higher (P<0.05)than the paddy fields and the woodlands. It was also found that total soil nitrogen was closely related to nitrate content (r=0.64,P<0.01). Soil organic carbon,soil profile depth and bulk density were important factors affecting the vertical distribution of soil nitrogen. There was a significant positive correlation between soil nitrogen and organic carbon,and a significant negative correlation existed between soil nitrogen and bulk density or soil profile depth (P<0.05),which indicate that the soil nitrogen distribution is influenced by soil properties. The results of this study are helpful to the risk evaluations of water pollution caused by agricultural nitrogen fertilizer application in hilly red soil regions.

Key words: red soil, land use, vertical distribution, non-point source pollution

中图分类号:

S154.1
X501

邹刚华, 赵凤亮, 单颖. 典型红壤区不同土地利用方式下氮素垂直分布及其影响因素[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(5): 644-650.

ZOU Gang-hua, ZHAO Feng-liang, SHAN Ying. Vertical Distribution of Nitrogen and Its Influencing Factors Under Different Land Use Patterns in a Typical Red Soil Region[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(5): 644-650.

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