近35 a叶尔羌河中下游流域土地利用/覆被时空动态演变特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0162

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于叶尔羌河中下游流域1982、1990、2000、2010和2017年5期遥感影像数据，利用GIS技术，对该地区近35 a土地利用/覆被变化进行分析。结果表明：1982-2017年研究区耕地和建设用地面积占比不断增加，分别由占研究区总面积的4.92%和0.33%增加到13.06%和0.67%；林地、草地和未利用地面积则分别减少8.43×10⁴、4.48×10⁴和2.81×10⁵ hm²；湿地和水域面积变化波动较小，但总体上呈减少趋势，减少面积分别占流域总面积的0.08%和0.14%。各土地利用类型中耕地变化速率最大，达4.73%，建设用地次之。林地、草地、湿地和水域面积的减少主要受到年均气温上升，相对湿度下降和蒸发量增大等自然因素的影响；耕地和建设用地面积的增加以及未利用地面积的减少主要受到人口、第一产业生产总值和GDP急剧增长等人文因素的影响。除此以外，政策因素调整也对研究区土地利用/覆被变化产生显著影响。

关键词: 土地利用/覆被, 时空动态演变, 驱动因素, 叶尔羌河中下游流域

Abstract: Based on remote sensing image data the middle and lower reaches of Yarkant River Basin in 1982, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2017, GIS technology was employed to analyze the land use/cover change of the area within the 35 a. The results show that:from 1982 to 2017, the proportion of cultivated land and construction land in the study area was continuously increased, the increasing extent is from 4.92% and 0.33% to 13.06% and 0.67%, respectively; The areas of forest land, grassland and unused land decreased by 8.43×10⁴, 4.48×10⁴ and 2.81×10⁵ hm², respectively. The change of wetland and water area is relatively minor, meanwhile, they generally showed a decreasing trend. The reduced area accounts for 0.08% and 0.14% of the total area of the River basin, respectively. Among all land use types, the change rate of cultivated land was the highest, up to 4.73%, which followed by construction land. The reduction of forest land, grassland, wetland and water area was mainly affected by natural factors such as annual average temperature rise, relative humidity decline and evaporation increase; The increase of cultivated land and construction land areas and the decrease of unused land area were mainly influenced by human factors such as population, gross domestic product of primary industry and sharp growth of GDP. In addition, the adjustment of policy factors also had a significant impact on land use/cover change in the study area.

Key words: land use/cover, temporal and spatial dynamic evolution, driving factor, the middle and lower reaches of Yarkant River Basin

中图分类号:

X826
F301.24

麦丽开·艾麦提, 满苏尔·沙比提, 张雪琪. 近35 a叶尔羌河中下游流域土地利用/覆被时空动态演变特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(9): 1118-1126.

Malika AMAT, Mansur SHABIT, ZHANG Xue-qi. Spatial-Temporal Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of Land Use/Cover in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yarkant River Basin in Recent 35 Years[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(9): 1118-1126.

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