骆马湖夏季浮游植物群落结构变化及其驱动因子分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0784

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2017年夏季对骆马湖浮游植物群落进行调查，探讨骆马湖浮游植物群落结构变化与环境因子的关系，以期为骆马湖生态保护提供科学依据。此次调查鉴定出浮游植物6门32属，其中，绿藻门属数最多，其后依次为蓝藻门和硅藻门，优势属主要为浮游蓝丝藻、微囊藻和小球藻。全湖浮游植物细胞丰度在2.63×10⁵~2.85×10⁷ cells·L^-1之间，生物量在0.092~4.522 mg·L^-1之间。全湖浮游植物Shannon-Wiener指数在0.60~2.60之间，平均值为1.75，且9月浮游植物Shannon-Wiener指数显著高于8月（P<0.05），但不同点位之间多样性指数的差异未达显著水平（P>0.05）。与往期骆马湖调查结果相比，此次调查得到的全湖多样性指数差异不大，细胞丰度明显增加，优势属多集中在蓝藻门和绿藻门，尤其是浮游蓝丝藻明显增多。从近几年的优势属种类、藻类细胞密度变化来看，骆马湖富营养化程度依然在加剧。RDA分析结果表明，水温、溶解氧浓度和氮磷比的共同作用解释了骆马湖夏季浮游植物群落结构变化的28.16%。其中，骆马湖浮游植物群落结构的变化受采砂、围网养殖及夏季人类活动影响较大。因此，减少人为活动干扰对于保护骆马湖水质和南水北调工程水质势在必行。

关键词: 骆马湖, 浮游植物, 群落结构, 驱动因子

Abstract: In order to provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection of Luoma Lake, northern Jiangsu Province, in the summer of 2017, the phytoplankton community in the lake was investigated to explore the relationship between phytoplankton community structure changes and environmental factors. A total of 6 phyla, including 32 genera of phytoplankton were identified. The number of Chlorophyta was the largest, followed by Cyanophyta and Diatoma, and the dominant genera were mainly Planktothrix, Microcystis and Chlorella. The phytoplankton abundance of the whole lake was ranged from 2.63×10⁵ to 2.85×10⁷ cells·L^-1, and biomass was ranged from 0.092 to 4.522 mg·L^-1. Shannon-Wiener index of phytoplankton in the whole lake ranged from 0.60 to 2.60, with an average of 1.75, moreover, the index in September was significantly higher than that in August (P<0.05), but the difference in diversity index between different locations was no significant (P>0.05). Compared with the results of previous investigations in Luoma Lake, the diversity index of the whole lake did not have much difference, the cell abundance was significantly increased, and the dominant genera were concentrated in Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta, especially the number of Planktothrix increased distinctly. From the changes of dominant genera and algae cell density in recent years, the eutrophication degree of Luoma Lake has still been increasing. The results of RDA analysis show that the combination of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and nitrogen-phosphorus ratio explained 28.16% of the phytoplankton community structure change in the summer of Luoma Lake. Sand mining, purse seine culture and summer human activities had a comparatively large impact on this change. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce the disturbance of human activities to protect the water quality of Lake Luoma and the water quality of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.

Key words: Luoma Lake, phytoplankton, community structure, driving factor

中图分类号:

X835

覃宝利, 唐金玉, 王宣朋, 吴春, 叶建勇, 丁辰龙. 骆马湖夏季浮游植物群落结构变化及其驱动因子分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(9): 1172-1181.

QIN Bao-li, TANG Jin-yu, WANG Xuan-peng, WU Chun, YE Jian-yong, DING Chen-long. Analysis of Phytoplankton Community Structure Changes and the Driving Factors in Summer of Luoma Lake[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(9): 1172-1181.

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