川东北乡村不同生境中杂草多样性研究:以蚕华山村为例

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0758

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解川东北传统乡村杂草多样性及特征，在研究区生境调查的基础上，记录了18种生境中的杂草种类，针对具有代表性的15种生境中的杂草群落进行定量调查，并采用双向指示种分析（TWINSPAN）进行数量分类，采用典范对应分析（CCA）进行排序。结果表明：（1）区内有农田、水塘、墓地和片林等多种乡村生境类型。（2）区内有杂草61科181属238种，菊科（Compositae）和禾本科（Gramineae）为优势科。（3）采用TWINSPAN数量分类方法将杂草群落划分为6种类型。（4）CCA排序分析结果表明影响杂草群落分布的主要环境因子是光照强度和土壤含水量，说明杂草种类、生境类型与群落类型的分布格局存在一定的相似性，这与TWINSPAN分类结果较为一致。研究认为在乡村原住民传统生产生活过程中形成的多样化生境类型维持了较高的杂草多样性，进而说明乡村生境多样化是维持乡村生物多样性的重要机制之一。

关键词: 乡村杂草, 生境, 多样性, 川东北

Abstract: To explore the diversity and characteristics of traditional rural weed communities in response to heterogeneous habitats, the ruderal species composition of Canhuashan Village were investigated. The village is located in northeastern Sichuan Province and retains various types of traditional rural habitats such as farmland, ponds, cemeteries and forests. The investigation were conducted in October 2016, and January, May and August 2017, and TWINSPAN classification and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were employed to analyze the ruderal communities. A total of 238 weed species belonging to 181 genera and 61 families of recorded in the area, with dominant families of Compositae and Gramineae. Six ruderal community types were identified by using the TWINSPAN. Illumination intensity and soil moisture were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of ruderal communities as result of CCA analysis, indicating that weed species, habitat types and community types showed similar distribution patterns, which was consistent with the results by using TWINSPAN. This research highlighted that traditional villages were characterized by diversified habitat types affected by the process of traditional production and living of rural aborigines, and this would be the important maintenance mechanisms of rural biodiversity.

Key words: rural weed, habitat, diversity, northeast Sichuan

中图分类号:

Q145

武帅楷, 袁兴中, 刘红, 陈鸿飞, 王可洪. 川东北乡村不同生境中杂草多样性研究:以蚕华山村为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(11): 1420-1427.

WU Shuai-kai, YUAN Xing-zhong, LIU Hong, CHEN Hong-fei, WANG Ke-hong. Study on Weed Diversity in Different Habitats of Rural Areas in Northeast Sichuan: A Case Study of Canhuashan Village[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(11): 1420-1427.

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