基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)的水电开发区生态环境变化分析:以清江中下游地区为例

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0870

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了快速监测水能开发过程中区域生态环境变化，协调水电开发与生态环境保护的关系。以清江水电梯级开发时间为节点，选取1987、2004和2015年Landsat TM/OLI影像，从绿度、湿度、热度和干度4个方面分别提取改进型土壤植被指数（MASVI）、湿度分量（WET）、地表温度（LST）和裸土指数（NDSI）4个评价指标，结合主成分分析，生成新型遥感生态指数（remote sensing ecological index，RSEI），对清江水电开发区生态环境进行评价。结果表明：（1）清江中下游地区1987、2004和2015年RSEI均值分别为0.443、0.664和0.515，呈先上升后下降趋势；（2）生态环境改善地区主要分布在低山丘陵区和平坦平原区，生态环境退化地区主要分布在水利枢纽中心及其附属库区、沿岸喀斯特山地及清江汇入长江口的丘陵区；（3）清江水电开发区生态环境与MASVI和NDSI关系最密切，3 a平均相关度分别为0.879和-0.916。认为提高植被覆盖度以及对裸露、干化地表进行治理是水利枢纽建设区环境恢复的关键。

关键词: 生态环境, 遥感生态指数(RSEI), 动态监测, 主成分分析

Abstract: In order to timely monitor the ecological environment changes during the development of water energy and coordinate the relationship between hydropower development and ecological environmental protection, Landsat TM/OLI images in 1987, 2004 and 2015 were selected according to the timeline of Qingjiang hydropower cascade development. Four evaluation indexes, namely, modified adjusted soil vegetation index (MASVI), wet index (WET), land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference soil index (NDSI), were extracted to represent the four aspects of greenness, humidity, heat and dryness. A new remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was generated using principal component analysis to evaluate the ecological environment of Qingjiang hydropower development zone. Results show that:(1) The RSEI of the middle and lower reaches of the Qingjiang River in 1987, 2004 and 2015 were 0.443, 0.664, and 0.515, showing a trend of first rising and then declining. (2) The ecological environment improvement areas are mainly distributed in the low hilly areas and flat plain areas, while the ecological environment degraded areas are mainly distributed in the water conservancy hubs and their affiliated reservoir areas, the Karst mountains along the coast, and the hilly areas where the Qingjiang River afflux into the Yangtze River. (3) The ecological environment of Qingjiang hydropower development area is most closely related to the MASVI and the NDSI. The average correlation of the 3 years between ecological environment and these two indexes is 0.879 and -0.916, respectively. Improving vegetation coverage and controlling bare and dry surface are the keys to the environmental restoration of hydropower construction areas.

Key words: ecological environment, remote sensing ecological index(RSEI), dynamic monitoring, principal component analysis

中图分类号:

X171.1
X826

刘索玄, 袁艳斌, 赵皞, 李倩. 基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)的水电开发区生态环境变化分析:以清江中下游地区为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(11): 1361-1368.

LIU Suo-xuan, YUAN Yan-bin, ZHAO Hao, LI Qian. Analysis of Ecological Environment Changes in Hydropower Development Zone Based on RSEI: A Case Study in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Qingjiang River, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(11): 1361-1368.

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