关键词: 自然保护区, 乡村聚落, 适宜性评价, 布局优化

Abstract: There are a large number of rural settlements in nature reserves in China, such as villages, hamlets, farms, small industrial enterprises and other constructed facilities. The distribution of rural settlements in nature reserves is the result of multiple factors such as the local natural environment and social economy. Carrying out the suitability analysis of the settled land in nature reserve can guide the sustainable rural development of the nature reserve in the future and provide reference for decision-making in coordinating nature protection and economic development. The Chinese government has formulated an ecological protection plan to implement immigration of residents from the core and buffer areas in nature reserves. Taking the Yaoluoping Nature Reserve in Anhui Province as an example, based on GIS technology, 10 indicators were selected from three aspects including natural conditions, ecological constraints and social economy to construct an evaluation index system to find suitable land for settlement in this Nature Reserve. The results show that the construction suitable area of the Yaoluoping Nature Reserve accounts for 21.80% of the total area, concentrated in lower mountainous valleys of the northern part of the nature reserve. The construction restricted area accounts for 19.03% and the construction prohibited area accounts for 59.17%. In the existing settlements, 75.10% are distributed in the construction suitable area, 8.44% in the construction restricted area, and 16.46% in the construction prohibited area. According to the evaluation results, three layout optimizations for development, restriction and relocation are proposed for the existing settlements. This regulation strategy protects the biodiversity of core areas with rare and endangered species while establishes the development space for habitation in the protected area in line with the actual situation.

Key words: nature reserve, rural settlement, suitability analysis, distribution optimization