生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 202-210.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0853

• 自然保护与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于遥感生态指数的龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区生态环境状况评估

刘立冰1,2, 熊康宁1,2, 任晓冬1,2   

  1. 1. 贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院, 贵州 贵阳 550001;
    2. 国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心, 贵州 贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-26 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 任晓冬,E-mail:renxiaodong@hotmail.com E-mail:renxiaodong@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:刘立冰(1994-),男,四川泸州人,硕士生,研究方向为地理信息系统与遥感。E-mail:liuilbing@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划重大专项(黔科合平台人才[2017]5411号);"十三五"国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502607);四川省交通投资集团有限责任公司委托课题

Assessment of Ecological Environment Status in the Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index

LIU Li-bing1,2, XIONG Kang-ning1,2, REN Xiao-dong1,2   

  1. 1. School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China;
    2. State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
  • Received:2019-10-26 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-03-03

摘要: 大熊猫自然保护区对于维护周边生物多样性有重要作用,2008年汶川地震使附近众多大熊猫栖息地出现严重的生态退化。基于龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区1998、2007、2008和2017年4个时相的Landsat影像,运用主成分分析法,集成绿度(NDVI)、湿度(WET)、干度(NDSI)和热度(LST)4项指标构建遥感生态指数(RSEI)综合评估模型,对研究区的生态环境状况进行综合评估。结果表明,龙溪-虹口自然保护区1998、2007、2008和2017年的RSEI值分别为0.748 1、0.752 1、0.411 0和0.599 1,说明研究区生态环境状况先转好后变差再转好,但从整体来看出现了一定的退化。地震前后生态环境变化明显,海拔1 400~2 600 m的中山和亚高山地区生态环境状况呈明显恶化趋势,主要原因是地震造成大量植被破坏、水域面积缩小以及出现大量裸露土地。绿度和湿度是生态环境状况的关键影响因素,对其具有正向作用,而干度和热度对生态环境状况起负向作用。

关键词: 遥感生态指数, 生态环境状况, 主成分分析, 龙溪-虹口国家级自然保护区

Abstract: The giant panda nature reserve play a momentous role in maintaining the biodiversity of its surrounding areas. A catastrophic earthquake happened in Wenchuan in the year of 2008 caused a severe ecological degradation in many panda's habitats nearby. Based on four phases of the Landsat images from 1998 to 2017 in Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve, the study integrated principal component analysis method and four indicators including normalized vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference built-up and soil index (NDSI), and land surface temperature (LST) to build a remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and form a comprehensive evaluation model to synthetically assess the ecological environment status in the study area. The results show that the RSEI values of Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve in 1998, 2007, 2008 and 2017 were 0.748 1, 0.752 1, 0.411 0 and 0.599 1, respectively. It indicates that the ecological environment in the study area got better first then deteriorated and improved at last during the period of 20 years, but the overall trend was in a degraded state. It is noteworthy that the ecological environment changed significantly before and after the earthquake, especially the ecological environment in the hilly and subalpine areas with an elevation of 1 400-2 600 m showed an obvious deterioration trend, mainly because the vegetation distruction caused by the earthquake, which has resulted in the reduction of water area and the formation of bare land. Green degree and wetness have positive effects on the key factors affecting the ecological environment, while dryness and heat have negative effects on the ecological environment.

Key words: remote sensing ecological index, ecological environment status, principal component analysis, Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve

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