基于最小累积阻力模型(MCR)和空间主成分分析法(SPCA)的沛县北部生态安全格局构建研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0100

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 沛县北部因采煤导致地形、地貌和地类变化，直接影响了整个区域的生态安全，因此需要在区域生态安全状况评价的基础上构建生态安全格局。该研究以沛县北部地区为研究对象，选取高程、坡度、土地覆盖类型、植被覆盖、距水体的距离、距道路的距离、距矿点的距离、距居民点的距离8个指标，采用空间主成分分析法（SPCA）评价研究区生态安全状况，并利用最小累积阻力模型（MCR）建立生态阻力面，借助GIS空间分析技术提取生态廊道和生态节点，从而构建研究区的生态安全格局。结果表明研究区生态安全水平不高，中度安全水平的面积为447.53 km²，占研究区总面积的44.53%；较低安全水平的面积为344.58 km²，占研究区总面积的34.28%；识别的31条潜在生态廊道、31个一类生态节点和20个二类生态节点与生态源地一起构成了研究区的生态安全格局，为沛县北部的生态规划和生态可持续发展提供了有效参考。

关键词: 生态安全格局, 最小累积阻力模型, 空间主成分分析, 沛县

Abstract: Due to coal mining in northern Peixian Courty, changes in topography, landforms, and land types have directly affected the ecological security of the entire region. An ecological security pattern needs to be constructed based on the evaluation of regional ecological security conditions. This study took the northern area of Peixian County as the research object, and selected the following eight indicators: elevation, slope, land cover type, vegetation cover, distance from water body, distance from road, distance from mine site, and distance from residential site. The spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) method was used to evaluate the ecological security status of the study area, and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model was used to establish the ecological resistance surface. The GIS spatial analysis technology was used to extract ecological corridors and ecological nodes to construct the ecological security pattern of the study area. The results show that the level of ecological security in the study area is not high. The area with a moderate security level is 447.53 km², accounting for 44.53% of the total study area, and the area with a lower security level is 344.58 km², accounting for 34.28% of the total study area. 31 potential ecological corridors, 31 first-class ecological nodes, and 20 second-class ecological nodes were identified. Those corridors and nodes, together with the ecological source form the ecological security pattern of the study area, which provides a valid reference for ecological planning and ecological sustainable development in northern Peixian County.

Key words: ecological security pattern, minimum cumulative resistance model, spatial principal component analysis, Peixian

中图分类号:

X826

李航鹤, 马腾辉, 王坤, 谭敏, 渠俊峰. 基于最小累积阻力模型(MCR)和空间主成分分析法(SPCA)的沛县北部生态安全格局构建研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(8): 1036-1045.

LI Hang-he, MA Teng-hui, WANG Kun, TAN Min, QU Jun-feng. Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in Northern Peixian Based on MCR and SPCA[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(8): 1036-1045.

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