木麻黄凋落叶量及基质质量对离海距离的响应

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0897

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 精确估算因内部环境梯度带来的生态系统养分循环差异对评估生态系统生态功能十分重要。以惠安赤湖国有防护林场木麻黄（Casuarina equisetifolia）凋落叶为研究对象，探讨不同离海距离环境梯度对木麻黄凋落叶量及基质质量的影响。结果表明：（1）木麻黄凋落叶年凋落量为（9.939±0.708） t·hm^-2，木麻黄凋落叶量随着离海距离的增加因风力及林分密度对其影响而呈现单峰型。（2）海岸向陆地不同离海距离对凋落叶基质质量养分组分影响明显，不同离海距离凋落叶各养分含量及其变化幅度由高到低均为Ca、K、Mg和P，P、K和Mg含量随离海距离增加而降低，Ca含量随离海距离增加呈先增加后降低变化，除Ca元素外其他元素含量与离海距离之间存在极显著相关性（P<0.01），其原因极有可能是叶的养分再吸收及土壤本底值差异所致。（3）不同离海距离对凋落叶基质质量养分组分在时间上的影响不显著，月气候变化对其影响显著。P、K和Mg含量在不同梯度样地的月动态变化趋势相似，总体表现为波动变化，秋冬月份高于春夏月份。（4）元素之间的相互作用影响凋落物养分含量。Ca与其他元素之间相关性未达显著水平（P>0.05），P、K以及P、Mg之间分别呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），K、Mg之间呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）。研究结果可为滨海沙地木麻黄人工林施肥等经营管理和保护提供理论依据。

关键词: 离海距离, 木麻黄, 凋落叶量, 基质质量, 动态变化

Abstract: Assessing the dynamics of nutrient cycling across environmental gradients in an ecosystem accurately plays a key role in evaluating ecosystem function. This study aims to investigate the effects of environmental gradient produced by the distance from the coastline on litter quantity and quality in a Casuarina equisetifolia plantation in Chihu State-owned Protected Forest Farm in Hui'an, China. The results show that: (1) The annual litter production of Casuarina equisetifolia was (9.939±0.708) t·hm^-2, and due to the influence of wind and stand density, the litter production of Casuarina equisetifolia conformed to a unimodal pattern rising first and then declining with the increasing distance from the coastline. (2) Nutrient contents of Casuarina equisetifolia litter were significantly affected by the distance of the trees from the coastline. The nutrient content and variation range of litter under different gradients were Ca>K> Mg>P. The contents of P, K and Mg decreased gradually, while the content of Ca increased first and then decreased with the increasing of distance from the coastline. There was a significant correlation between nutrient content (except Ca, P<0.01) and the distance from the coastline, which might be attributed to leaf nutrient reabsorption and spatial distribution of soil nutrients. (3) The distance from the coastline had little effects on the nutrients content of litter over time, and the nutrients content was significantly affected by monthly climate change. The temporal patterns of P, K and Mg content were similar across different gradients, increasing or decreasing in the same month and with higher contents in the autumn and winter than in the spring and summer. (4) The interaction between elements could affect the nutrient content of litter. The correlations between Ca and other elements were not significant (P>0.05). Litter P content was significantly positive correlated with K and Mg content (P<0.01), while there was a significant negative correlation between K and Mg (P<0.01). The findings provided a theoretical basis for the sustainable management and protection of Casuarina equisetifolia plantations in coastal area.

Key words: distance from the coastline, Casuarina equisetifolia, litter quantity, litter quality, dynamic change

中图分类号:

Q945.79

袁锋, 王艳艳, 刘贺娜, 李茂瑾, 吴承祯, 陈灿. 木麻黄凋落叶量及基质质量对离海距离的响应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(9): 1154-1160.

YUAN Feng, WANG Yan-yan, LIU He-na, LI Mao-jin, WU Cheng-zhen, CHEN Can. Responses of Litter Production and Its Quality in a Casuarina equisetifolia Plantation to the Distance From the Coastline[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(9): 1154-1160.

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