基于主导生态功能保护的美丽宜居村镇生态建设模式研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0900

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 827-833.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0900

• 村镇承载力与乡村振兴专题 • 上一篇下一篇

基于主导生态功能保护的美丽宜居村镇生态建设模式研究

张龙江¹, 纪荣婷¹, 李辉¹, 张云华², 张继飞³, 刘畅⁴, 柳本立⁵, 李海东¹

1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 安徽合肥 230036;
3. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川成都 610041;
4. 重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院, 重庆 400074;
5. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-23
通讯作者: 李海东 E-mail:lihd2020@163.com
作者简介:张龙江(1975-),男,安徽安庆人,研究员,主要从事生态文明示范区和区域绿色发展研究。E-mail:zlj@nies.org
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2018YFD1100104）

Research on Ecological Construction Pattern of Beautiful and Livable Rural and Townships under the Constrains of Eco-functions Protection

ZHANG Long-jiang¹, JI Rong-ting¹, LI Hui¹, ZHANG Yun-hua², ZHANG Ji-fei³, LIU Chang⁴, LIU Ben-li⁵, LI Hai-dong¹

1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
3. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
4. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;
5. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2020-11-09 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： "村镇建设生态安全评估与绿色生态建设模式研究"是国家重点研究计划"村镇建设资源环境承载力测算系统开发"项目的课题4，研究内容包括不同区域/类型村镇建设主导生态功能辨识研究，村镇承载力测算体系和评价模型构建，区域生态安全对村镇建设的约束影响，生态安全约束下村镇发展的适宜产业与优化途径，美丽宜居村镇绿色生态建设和可持续发展模式。该研究在全国尺度上探明了生态乡镇和特色小镇的空间分布特征、集聚程度和主导生态功能，辨析了全国综合减灾示范社区时空格局；基于5个重要生态功能区的主导生态功能（水源涵养、生物多样性维护、水土保持、防风固沙和减灾防灾）以及黄山市新明乡、仁怀市茅台镇、重庆市武陵镇、敦煌市月牙泉镇和汶川县威州镇等典型村镇产业特点，通过"以点带面"和"以面束点"研究思路，探究了村镇建设生态安全约束下的产业适宜性评价方法，初步提出了茶产业模式、酒产业模式、特色农业模式、生态旅游模式和防灾减灾模式等针对不同类型美丽宜居村镇的生态建设模式。研究结果可以为巩固脱贫攻坚成果和支撑乡村振兴的环境管理提供决策支撑，对重要生态功能区村镇承载力提升和可持续发展具有一定的实践意义。

关键词: 重要生态功能区, 村镇建设, 绿色生态建设模式, 产业适宜性, 进展

Abstract: As the Project 4 of the National Key Research and Development Program "Development of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity Calculation System for Rural and Township Development", the research project was focusing on "Evaluation of Ecological Security and Green Ecological Construction Model of Rural and Township Development", which included identifying the dominant ecological functions of different types of rural and townships in different regions; constructing the calculation system and evaluation model of the carrying capacity of rural and townships, studying the restraining influence of regional ecological security on the development of rural and townships, definituding the suitable industries and optimization approaches for the development of rural and townships under the restraint of ecological security and putting forward the green ecological construction and sustainable model of beautiful livable rural and townships. Since the plan launched in 2018, the research group explored the spatial distribution characteristics, agglomeration degree and dominant ecological functions of ecological townships and featured towns at the national level, and the spatial and temporal patterns of the national comprehensive disaster reduction demonstration community were also analyzed. In addition, based on the dominant eco-function of five important eco-function areas (water conservation, biodiversity maintenance, soil and water conservation, wind and sand fixation, disaster reduction and prevention, etc.), the industrial characteristics of typical townships such as Xinming Township in Huangshan City, Maotai Township in Renhuai City, Wuling Township in Chongqing City, Yueyaquan Township in Dunhuang City, Weizhou Township in Wenchuan County were identified. With the research approach of "point to area" and "point by area", the industrial suitability under the constraints of ecological security in the development of rural and townships were explored, and ecological construction models of different types of beautiful and livable rural and townships were initially proposed as the model of tea industry, wine industry, featured agriculture, eco-tourism, and disaster prevention and mitigation. The research results would provide decision-making support for consolidating the results of poverty alleviation and promoting the environmental management of rural revitalization. And it has great practical significance for the improvement of the carrying capacity and sustainable development of rural and townships in important eco-function areas.

Key words: important eco-function area, rural and township development, green ecological construction model, industrial suitability, research progress

中图分类号:

张龙江, 纪荣婷, 李辉, 张云华, 张继飞, 刘畅, 柳本立, 李海东. 基于主导生态功能保护的美丽宜居村镇生态建设模式研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(7): 827-833.

ZHANG Long-jiang, JI Rong-ting, LI Hui, ZHANG Yun-hua, ZHANG Ji-fei, LIU Chang, LIU Ben-li, LI Hai-dong. Research on Ecological Construction Pattern of Beautiful and Livable Rural and Townships under the Constrains of Eco-functions Protection[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(7): 827-833.

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基于主导生态功能保护的美丽宜居村镇生态建设模式研究

Research on Ecological Construction Pattern of Beautiful and Livable Rural and Townships under the Constrains of Eco-functions Protection

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