五大连池火山蒙古栎种群空间分布格局

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0669

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 种群空间格局研究是深入认识种群生态学功能和过程的有效途径，研究森林群落优势种群空间分布格局可为阐明其种群的生态特征和群落演替趋势提供参考依据。以五大连池4座老期火山南坡蒙古栎（Quercus mongolica）种群为研究对象，采用多尺度、多指数综合判定方法，分析不分龄级和不同龄级蒙古栎种群随空间尺度变化的空间分布特征。研究表明：（1）4座火山蒙古栎种群空间分布格局随空间尺度变化而不同，不分龄级种群在200 m²和400 m²尺度上以集群分布为主，但集群强度存在明显差异；龄级Ⅴ种群在25 m²和50 m²尺度上集群分布显著，而龄级Ⅶ种群在200 m²和400 m²尺度上集群分布显著。（2）4座火山蒙古栎种群空间分布格局均具有明显尺度效应，6个判别指数随尺度增大呈不同变化趋势，4座火山蒙古栎不分龄级种群呈幂函数递增趋势（46%）最多，龄级Ⅶ种群呈幂函数递增趋势的高达50%。（3）4座火山蒙古栎种群格局规模不同，不分龄级种群只有东焦得布山均方值在200 m²尺度上极显著，种群格局规模为200 m²；龄级Ⅴ种群只在南格拉球山均方值在400 m²尺度上显著，种群格局规模为400 m²；龄级Ⅵ和Ⅶ种群都只有东焦得布山均方值均在400 m²尺度上显著，种群格局规模均为400 m²。种群的空间尺度、龄级结构和群落演替阶段等因素以及这些因素之间的交互作用和累积效应可能是五大连池火山蒙古栎种群空间格局差异明显的主要原因。

关键词: 五大连池火山, 蒙古栎, 分布格局, 尺度效应, 格局规模

Abstract: Studying population spatial patterns is an effective way to deeply understand the functions and processes of population ecology. Assessing the spatial distribution patterns of dominant populations in forest communities provides reference data to elucidate the ecological characteristics of the population and the trend of community succession. The subject of our research was a Quercus mongolica population on the southern slopes of four old volcanoes in Wudalianchi. The Q. mongolica population was divided into different age classes and non-age classes. To assess the spatial distribution characteristics of the different classes on different spatial scales, the Q. mongolica data for the four volcanoes were analyzed by a multi-scale and multi-index comprehensive judgment method. The main findings are as follows. (1) The spatial distribution of Q. mongolica classes varied with spatial scale at the four volcanoes. The age-disaggregated classes were mainly clustered at the 200-m² and 400-m² scales, but the intensity of clustering was significantly different. The cluster distribution of age-class Ⅴ was significantly different at the 25-m² and 50-m² scales, whereas that of age-class Ⅶ was significantly different at scales of 200-m² and 400-m². (2) The spatial distribution pattern of Q. mongolica classes exhibited obvious scale effects in the four volcanoes. The six discriminant indexes showed different trends with increasing scale. The power increase was greatest for the age-disaggregated classes (46%), and the maximum power increase was 50% for age-class Ⅶ. (3) The size of sub-populations of Q. mongolica differed among the four volcanoes. In the age-disaggregated classes, only the mean square value of East Jiaodebu Volcano was extremely significant at the 200-m² scale, and the population size was 200 m². In the age-class V, only the mean square value of South Gelaqiu Volcano was significant at the scale of 400 m², and the population size was 400 m². For both age-class Ⅵ and age-class Ⅶ, only the mean square value of East Jiaodebu Volcano was significant at the 400-m² scale, and the pattern scale was 400 m². In this study, factors such as the spatial scale, age class structure, and stage of community succession, as well as the interactions between and cumulative effects of these factors, may be the main reasons for the significant differences in the spatial patterns within the studied Q. mongolica population. The population pattern scale should be further studied.

Key words: Wudalianchi Volcanoes, Quercus mongolica, distribution pattern, scale effect, pattern size

中图分类号:

谢立红, 黄庆阳, 曹宏杰, 王继丰, 王建波, 倪红伟. 五大连池火山蒙古栎种群空间分布格局[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(7): 896-906.

XIE Li-hong, HUANG Qing-yang, CAO Hong-jie, WANG Ji-feng, WANG Jian-bo, NI Hong-wei. Spatial Distribution Pattern of Quercus mongolica Population in Wudalianchi Volcanoes, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(7): 896-906.

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