南京主要湖泊表层沉积物中重金属污染潜在生态风险评价

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 37-42.doi:

南京主要湖泊表层沉积物中重金属污染潜在生态风险评价

马婷, 赵大勇, 曾巾, 燕文明, 姜翠玲, 丁文浩

河海大学水文水资源学院

收稿日期:2011-08-17 修回日期:2011-10-18 出版日期:2011-11-25 发布日期:2011-11-28
通讯作者: 赵大勇河海大学水文水资源学院 E-mail:dyzhao@hhu.edu.cn
作者简介:马婷（1989-），女，浙江金华人，硕士生，主要研究方向为水生态保护与修复。E-mail:mating033@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41001044,41101052);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2009B01714);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2010522,BK2011876);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所引进人才启动项目(NIGLAS2010QD10);河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放基金(2010490311);河海大学大学生创新训练计划(NJ2011039)

Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollutants in Surface Sediments of the Lakes in Nanjing

MA Ting, ZHAO Da-Yong, ZENG Jin, YAN Wen-Ming, JIANG Cui-Ling, DING Wen-Hao

College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University

Received:2011-08-17 Revised:2011-10-18 Online:2011-11-25 Published:2011-11-28
Contact: ZHAO Da-Yong College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University E-mail:dyzhao@hhu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为掌握南京城市湖泊表层沉积物中重金属的污染概况及其潜在生态风险，选取玄武湖、月牙湖、紫霞湖、琵琶湖和前湖5个主要湖泊为研究对象，应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）分析表层沉积物中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn含量，并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染风险和潜在生态危害进行评价。结果表明，湖泊表层沉积物中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn含量分别在0.8~5.1 、10.3~67.6 、6.2~70.5、未检出~53.2 、12.9~55.9 和40.6~456.3 mg?kg^-1。地累积指数法评价结果显示，6种重金属元素累积程度由高到低依次为Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni和Cr，其中Cr处于偏中等累积到重累积水平。潜在生态风险指数法的评价结果显示，表层沉积物中重金属的污染最严重的是月牙湖，其次是前湖和紫霞湖，这3个湖泊都处于中等潜在生态风险状态，琵琶湖和玄武湖处于低潜在生态风险状态。

关键词: 重金属, 城市湖泊, 沉积物, 地累积指数, 潜在生态风险指数, 南京

Abstract: In order to investigate heavy metal pollution and its potential ecological risk in surface sediments of urban lakes in Nanjing,samples of sediments in five urban lakes(Lake Xuanwu,Lake Yueya,Lake Zixia,Lake Pipa and Lake Qianhu)were collected for analysis of concentrations of six heavy metals,i.e. Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn using the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission sepectrometry (ICP-AES),and potential risks of the pollutants were assessed with the geo-accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk index methods,separately.Results show that the concentrations of the heavy metals in the lake sediments were in the range of 0.8-5.1mg?kg^-1 for Cd,10.3-67.6 mg?kg^-1 for Cr,6.2-70.5mg?kg^-1 for Cu,undetectable -53.2 mg?kg^-1for Ni,12.9-55.9 mg?kg^-1for Pb and 40.6-456.3 mg?kg^-1for Zn.Analysis with the geo-accumulation index method that the six heavy metals followed the order of Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr in accumulation degree.Cd was at the level varying from moderate-on-the-severe-side to severe in accumulation.Risk assessment using the potential ecological risk index method showed that among the five lakes,Lake Yueya ranked the first in heavy metal pollution of the surface sediment and was followed by Lake Qianhu,Lake Zixia,Lake Pipa an Lake Xuanwu.The first three lakes were in the category of moderate in ecological risk,while the last two were in the category of low in ecological risk. In order to investigate the heavy metal pollution status and its potential ecological risk in surface sediment of the urban lakes in Nanjing, the concentrations of six heavy metals including Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) in five urban lakes (Lake Xuanwu, Lake Yueya, Lake Zixia, Lake Pipa and Lake Qianhu). In addition, potential risks were assessed by geo-accumulation index and the potential ecological risk index methods, respectively. The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals ranged from 0.8~5.1 mg/kg-1 for Cd，10.3~67.6 mg/kg-1 for Cr，6.2~70.5 mg/kg-1 for Cu，not detected~53.2 mg/kg-1 for Ni，12.9~55.9 mg/kg-1 for Pb and 40.6~456.3 mg/kg-1 for Zn, respectively, in the surface sediments of the five lakes. Results of the geo-accumulation index method indicated that the surface sediments were heavily polluted by Cd (the calculated geo-accumulation indexes Igeo of Cd were all higher than 2.0 except for Lake Pipa). Meanwhile, other metals such as, Zn, Pb and Cu were also within different pollution status (Igeo ranged from 0.1 to 2.0). Based on the potential ecological risk index method, the pollution degree of heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Yueya was the most seriously with the potential ecological risk index (RI) of 280.0. Meanwhile, Lake Qianhu and Lake Zixia were also belonged to the moderate ecological risk status (the potential ecological risk indexes (RI) were 164.4 and 161.2, respectively), while Lake Pipa (RI =81.7) and Lake Xuanwu (RI =131.7) were in slight ecological risk status.

Key words: heavy metal, urban lake, sediment, geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk index, Nanjing

中图分类号:

X524

马婷, 赵大勇, 曾巾, 燕文明, 姜翠玲, 丁文浩. 南京主要湖泊表层沉积物中重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2011, 27(6): 37-42.

MA Ting, ZHAO Da-Yong, ZENG Jin, YAN Wen-Ming, JIANG Cui-Ling, DING Wen-Hao. Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollutants in Surface Sediments of the Lakes in Nanjing[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2011, 27(6): 37-42.

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