青海湖流域主要河口区沉积物中重金属元素生态风险评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.06.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the status of heavy metal pollution of Qinghai Lake Basin, samples of sediments were collected from 0-5 cm sediment layers at 11 sampling sites around the inlet estuaries of the lake for analysis of contents of 8 heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, As, Cd and Cr) in an attempt to determine their sources, ecological risks and pollution statuses. Results show:(1) The total contents of the 8 heavy metals in the samples varied in the range of 151.61-277.31 mg·kg^-1 and averaged 209.65 mg·kg^-1, which was slightly higher than the environmental background values of the surface soil in the Qinghai Lake Basin. In terms of concentration, the 8 elements followed an order of As >Zn >Cr >Ni >Cu >Pb >Cd >Hg, and As, Cr and Zn accounted for 73.63% of the total of the 8. The heavy metals in the sediment brought in by human activities came from similar sources, that are agriculture and transportation. In terms of geo-accumulation coefficient (I_geo) the heavy metal displayed an order of As >Hg >Cd >Cu >Cr >Ni >Zn >Pb. Among the 8, As tended to be moderate in pollution level, with an mean I_geo being 1.67. In terms of potential ecological risk, the 8 heavy metals followed an order of Hg >Cd >As >Cu >Ni >Pb >Cr >Zn. Hg, Cd and As were the major contributors of the integrated potential ecological risk index (I_R), contributing 40.76%, 25.56% and 25.53% respectively. And (2) In recent years, the problem of heavy metal pollution has emerged as a result of intensified human activities, such as transportation, discharge of waste water from agriculture, urbanization (or townization) and development of tourism in the basin. The ecosystem of the basin is not so capable of purifying all the heavy metal pollutions down to a low-risk level. Therefore, it is essential to intensify monitoring and early-warning of heavy metal pollution in the medium and small inlets and seasonal inlets of the Qinghai Lake Basin, and work out case-specific control and remediation measures, so as to ensure the basin free from heavy metal pollution.

Key words: Qinghai Lake Basin, estuary, sediment, heavy metal, ecological risk assessment

CLC Number:

X522

LI Shao-hua, WANG Xue-quan, LAN Lan, GAO Qi, YANG Zhan-wu. Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sedimentsat Estuaries of Major Inlets of the Qinghai Lake Basin[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(6): 940-945.

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Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sedimentsat Estuaries of Major Inlets of the Qinghai Lake Basin

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