Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 317-323.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.04.004

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Distribution of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in Plant of Panax notoginseng and Soil in Wenshan Prefecture, a Panax notoginseng-Growing Region

ZU Yan-qun, CHENG Shi-cong, KE Han-ling, GUO Xian-hua, WU Jiong, LI Yuan   

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
  • Received:2016-04-22 Online:2017-04-25 Published:2017-04-01

Abstract:

Field investigation was conducted in order to assess the situation of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn contamination of the soils in some major P. notoginseng growing regions in Qiubei County, Yanshan County, Wenshan County and Guangnan County of Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province and plants of P. notoginseng produced therein with the aid of GPS positioning, 30 soil samples from the 0-15 cm soil layer and 30 samples of P. notoginseng plants were collected for analysis of totals and various forms of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the soils and in various parts of the plants, their contents and distributions with ArcGIS. Results show that: (1) The mean content of total Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the soils was 55.56, 0.36, 43.53 and 119.62 mg·kg-1, respectively, and about 6.67%, 53.3%, 13.33% and 0 of the soil samples exceeded the threshold value, respectively, for Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn set in HJ/T 332-2006. Fractionations of Pb, Cu and Zn all show an order of residue > organic matter bonded > Fe/Mn oxide bonded > carbonate bonded > exchangeable in terms of content, while that of Cd does a different one, Fe/Mn oxide bonded > residue > carbonate bonded > organic matter bonded > exchangeable; (2) In terms of contents of total and Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn and their fractions in the soil and P. notoginseng, Qiubei County ranked on the top, while Guangnan County at the end; and (3) The mean content of total Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the roots of P. notoginseng was 2.93, 0.35, 5.21 and 11.11 mg·kg-1, respectively. Distribution of the heavy metals in the plant of P. notoginseng followed a sequence of roots > rhizome > shoot > flower/ fruit. Spatial variation was quite obvious of the distribution of the heavy metals in the soil and P. notoginseng and Cd was found to be the major pollutant. It is, therefore, essential to take certain measures to reduce Cd content in P. notoginseng.

Key words: Panax notoginseng, soil, heavy metal, spatial distribution

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