Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Weed Community Diversity in Winter Wheat Fields

In order to analyze the impact of farmland management on the diversity of farmland weed community, a long-term observation experiment of different tillage and fertilization treatments was carried out in the farmland of Chaohu Lake in Anhui Province since 2011. Through the investigation of sample plots, the effects of different treatments on the weed species, density, dominance and other related indicators in the winter wheat field were determined. The results show that:(1)Crop straw returning could effectively reduce weed population density, and straw crushing and returning to field was better than that of straw directly returning to field, corresponding to the weed density decreased by 40%, diverse index and diversity index were increased by 30% and 130%. (2)The dominant species in each treatment were Echinochloa hispidula and Avena fatua, and their mean values of dominance were 1.460 6 and 2.024 5, respectively, and their overlap with other plants exceeded 0.721. (3)Optimization of fertilization made the diversity index of weed community increased by 35% and controlled fertilization made the diversity index increased by 75%.The experimental results show that the change of tillage and fertilization can have a significant impact on the weed community.