Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 1106-1114.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0775

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Spatio-temporal Change and Driving Factors of Integrated Ecological Risk of Catchments in Karst Mountainous Area of Guizhou Province From 2000 to 2018

XI Shi-jun1,2, CAI Pei-ling3, AN Yu-lun1,2   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    2. Guizhou Mountain Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing Application Laboratory, Guiyang 550025, China;
    3. School of Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Received:2019-09-29 Online:2020-09-25 Published:2020-09-17

Abstract: Due to the fragile ecological background, soil erosion, rocky desertification and other environmental problems in Karst mountainous areas, the contradiction between people and land in the basin is prominent, and the economic development is seriously restricted. On the basis of comprehensively considering the ecological risk for the process of the landscape succession, soil erosion and rocky desertification of Karst mountain areas, the evaluation model of integrated ecological risk of the basin was constructed to evaluate and analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of integrated ecological risk of watershed from 2000 to 2018, with 324 small catchments in the Wujiang Basin of Guizhou province as evaluation unit, and used the geographical probe to detect the spatial drivers. The results show that: (1) The landscape pattern of the Basin changed significantly from 2000 to 2018, in which the area proportion of forest land, grassland, artificial surface and wetland increased by 2.87, 1.10, 0.49 and 0.21 percent, respectively, and the one of cultivated land continued to decrease by 4.7 percent. (2) The average value of integrated ecological risk was 0.58, 0.61, 0.66, 0.31 and 0.34 in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018, respectively, and the overall ecological risk of the basin was on the decline. The ecological areas of higher risk were mainly distributed in the upper and lower reaches of basin, while the ones of lower risk were distributed in the middle reaches. (3) The explanatory power of human activity factors such as the interference degree and the spatial distribution of population density and GDP were greater than that of natural factors, among which the explanatory power of human interference factors was the highest (38.00%-83.00%). Human activity factors are the main driving factors for the dynamic change of integrated ecological risk. The results of the study are referenciale value for the sustainable management and development of the social-economic-ecological environment system in Wujiang Basin.

Key words: integrated ecological risk, spatio-temporal change, driving factor, geographic detector, Wujiang Basin

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