基于聚类分析和主成分分析的长江下游稻田氮磷监测指标筛选

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0934

Abstract

Abstract: Pollution from nutrients in rice production can affect water quality. To generate a nitrogen and phosphorus index for the surface water and leaching water from rice paddy fields in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, samples were collected in the modern agricultural park of the Qingpu District, Shanghai in 2018 over the whole period of paddy growth. Leaching water was sampled at depths of 30 and 60 cm. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to optimize the monitoring indexes and to establish the minimum data set (MDS) for the monitoring indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus in rice paddy fields in this region. The comprehensive scores of water quality index (WQI) of the MDS and the comprehensive scores of water quality index of the total data set (WQI-TDS) based on different analysis methods were compared. The results show that: (1) a minimum data set composed of 3-4 indicators could be selected from eight monitoring indexes of the surface water and leaching water at depths of 30 and 60 cm in paddy fields by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. (2) The comprehensive scores of water quality in paddy fields based on different data sets were significantly different. The range and mean value of comprehensive scores of water quality show that WQI-PCA was closer to WQI-TDS than WQI-CA, and the Nash effective coefficient and correlation of WQI-PCA and WQI-TDS were higher than WQI-CA. This indicates that MDS-PCA is more suitable than MDS-CA to replace WQI-TDS as the monitoring and evaluation index for rice paddy water pollution.

Key words: surface water, leaching water, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, minimum data set

CLC Number:

X832

HU Bing-tao, CHEN Yu-dong. Optimization of Monitoring Indexes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Rice Fields in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Based on Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(11): 1495-1504.

References 32

[1]	YUNUS M,SINGH N,DE KOK L J.Environmental Stress:Indication,Mitigation and Eco-conservation[M].Dordrecht:Springer Netherlands,2000.
[2]	MARUYAMA T,HASHIMOTO I,MURASHIMA K,et al.Evaluation of N and P Mass Balance in Paddy Rice Culture Along Kahokugata Lake,Japan,to Assess Potential Lake Pollution[J].Paddy and Water Environment,2008,6(4):355-362.
[3]	杨林章,吴永红.农业面源污染防控与水环境保护[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(2):168-176.[YANG Lin-zhang,WU Yong-hong.Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and Aquatic Environmental Protection[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018,33(2):168-176.]
[4]	FU J,WU Y,WANG Q,et al.Importance of Subsurface Fluxes of Water,Nitrogen and Phosphorus From Rice Paddy Fields Relative to Surface Runoff[J].Agricultural Water Management,2019,213:627-635.
[5]	WANG Y B,LIU C W,LIAO P Y,et al.Spatial Pattern Assessment of River Water Quality:Implications of Reducing the Number of Monitoring Stations and Chemical Parameters[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2014,186(3):1781-1792.
[6]	ZAKHEM B A.Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in the Investigation of Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) in Damascus Basin (Syria)[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(15):1-15.
[7]	金慧芳,史东梅,陈正发,等.基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(7):155-164.[JIN Hui-fang,SHI Dong-mei,CHEN Zheng-fa,et al.Evaluation Indicators of Cultivated Layer Soil Quality for Red Soil Slope Farmland Based on Cluster and PCA Analysis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(7):155-164.]
[8]	ZHANG G L,BAI J H,XI M,et al.Soil Quality Assessment of Coastal Wetlands in the Yellow River Delta of China Based on the Minimum Data Set[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,66:458-466.
[9]	DARZI-NAFTCHALI A,SHAHNAZARI A,KARANDISH F.Nitrogen Loss and Its Health Risk in Paddy Fields Under Different Drainage Managements[J].Paddy and Water Environment,2017,15(1):145-157.
[10]	何捷,蔡春芳,陈雯,等.阳澄西湖及其入湖港口的水质评价与分析[J].水生态学杂志,2019,40(3):25-32.[HE Jie,CAI Chun-fang,CHEN Wen,et al.Assessment and Analysis of Water Quality in West Yangcheng Lake and Inlets Based on Principal Component Analysis[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2019,40(3):25-32.]
[11]	QIAN J Z,LUO S H,LIU Y,et al.Identification of Anthropogenic Influences on Groundwater Quality Based on Hydrogeochemistry Survey in Nanfei Watershed,China[J].Geochmica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2009,73(13):475-481.
[12]	PINTO U,MAHESHWARI B L.River Health Assessment in Peri-urban Landscapes:An Application of Multivariate Analysis to Identify the Key Variables[J].Water Research,2011,45(13):3915-3924.
[13]	金卫斌,薛莲,艾天成,等.湖北四湖流域排水沟渠水质指标的因子-聚类分析[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(12):3033-3035.[JIN Wei-bin,XUE Lian,AI Tian-cheng,et al.Factor-cluster Analysis of the Water Quality Index of the Ditches in Sihu Watershed in Hubei[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2010,49(12):3033-3035.]
[14]	JUAHIR H,ZAIN S M,YUSOFF M K,et al.Spatial Water Quality Assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) Using Environmetric Techniques[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2011,173(1/2/3/4):625-641.
[15]	YANG Y H,ZHOU F,GUO H C,et al.Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Water Pollution Patterns in Lake Dianchi Using Multivariate Statistical Methods[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2010,170(1/2/3/4):407-416.
[16]	SHRESTHA S,KAZAMA F.Assessment of Surface Water Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques:A Case Study of the Fuji River Basin,Japan[J].Environmental Modelling and Software,2007,22(4):464-475.
[17]	KOWALKOWSKI T,ZBYTNIEWSKI R,SZPEJNA J,et al.Application of Chemometrics in River Water Classification[J].Water Research,2006,40(4):744-752.
[18]	GAO H,SHA Z M,WANG F,et al.Nitrogen Leakage in a Rice-duck Co-culture System With Different Fertilizer Treatments in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2019,686:555-567.
[19]	PENG S Z,YANG S H,XU J Z,et al.Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching Losses From Paddy Fields With Different Water and Nitrogen Managements[J].Paddy and Water Environment,2011,9(3):333-342.
[20]	谢文明,闵炬,施卫明.长江三角洲河网平原地区集约化种植面源污染监测指标筛选研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(9):776-781.[XIE Wen-ming,MIN Ju,SHI Wei-ming.Researches on Monitoring Indicators Screening of Intensive Plant Source Pollution in the Plain Area of the Yangtze River Delta[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(9):776-781.]
[21]	高超,李阳,于海明,等.典型自然降雨条件下太湖地区水稻田氮磷输出特点[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(5):845-852.[GAO Chao,LI Yang,YU Hai-ming,et al.The Output Characters of Nitrogen and Phosphorus From Typical Natural Rainfall Runoff of Paddy Fields in Tai Lake Region[J].Ecology and Environment Sciences,2015,24(5):845-852.]
[22]	WANG W L,LIANG T,WANG L Q,et al.The Effects of Fertilizer Applications on Runoff Loss of Phosphorus[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(5):1313-1319.
[23]	PERKINS R.Gradients of Chlorophyll a and Water Chemistry Along an Eutrophic Reservoir With Determination of the Limiting Nutrient by in Situ Nutrient Addition[J].Water Research,2000,34(3):713-724.
[24]	刘潇,薛莹,纪毓鹏,等.基于主成分分析法的黄河口及其邻近水域水质评价[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(10):3187-3192.[LIU Xiao,XUE Ying,JI Yu-peng,et al.An Assessment of Water Quality in the Yellow River Estuary and Its Adjacent Waters Based on Principal Component Analysis[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(10):3187-3192.]
[25]	WU C S,LIU G H,HUANG C,et al.Soil Quality Assessment in Yellow River Delta:Establishing a Minimum Data Set and Fuzzy Logic Model[J].Geoderma,2019,334:82-89.
[26]	李桂林,陈杰,檀满枝,等.基于土地利用变化建立土壤质量评价最小数据集[J].土壤学报,2008,45(1):16-25.[LI Gui-lin,CHEN Jie,TAN Man-zhi,et al.Establishment of a Minimum Dataset for Soil Quality Assessment Based on Land Use Change[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(1):16-25.]
[27]	ZHOU F,LIU Y,GUO H C.Application of Multivariate Statistical Methods to Water Quality Assessment of the Watercourses in Northwestern New Territories,Hong Kong[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2007,132(1/2/3):1-13.
[28]	尹海峰,焦加国,孙震,等.不同水肥管理模式对太湖地区稻田土壤氮素渗漏淋溶的影响[J].土壤,2013,45(2):199-206.[YIN Hai-feng,JIAO Jia-guo,SUN Zhen,et al.Nitrogen Leaching Losses From Paddy Fields Under Different Water and Fertilizer Managements in Taihu Lake Area[J].Soils,2013,45(2):199-206.]
[29]	吕亚敏,吴玉红,李洪达,等.减肥措施对稻田田面水氮、磷动态变化特征的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(4):349-355.[LÜ Ya-min,WU Yu-hong,LI Hong-da,et al.Effects of Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Surface Water of Paddy Field Under Different Fertilizer Rate[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(4):349-355.]
[30]	叶玉适,梁新强,金熠,等.节水灌溉与控释肥施用对稻田田面水氮素变化及径流流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(5):105-112,118.[YE Yu-shi,LIANG Xin-qiang,JIN Yi,et al.Dynamic Variation and Runoff Loss of Nitrogen in Surface Water of Paddy Field as Affected by Water-saving Irrigation and Controlled-release Fertilizer Application[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,28(5):105-112,118.]
[31]	叶玉适,梁新强,李亮,等.不同水肥管理对太湖流域稻田磷素径流和渗漏损失的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(4):1125-1135.[YE Yu-shi,LIANG Xin-qiang,LI Liang,et al.Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Managements on Phosphorus Loss via Runoff and Leaching From Paddy Fields in Taihu Lake Basin[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(4):1125-1135.]
[32]	TIAN Y H,YIN B,YANG L Z,et al.Nitrogen Runoff and Leaching Losses During Rice-wheat Rotations in Taihu Lake Region,China[J].Pedosphere,2007,17(4):445-456.

Optimization of Monitoring Indexes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Rice Fields in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Based on Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References 32

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHANG Hui-lin, WU Pan-sheng, HOU Yan-jun. Ecological Vulnerability Assessment and Its Temporal and Spatial Changes in Wutai Mountain Area [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(8): 1026-1035.
[2]	LI Hang-he, MA Teng-hui, WANG Kun, TAN Min, QU Jun-feng. Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in Northern Peixian Based on MCR and SPCA [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(8): 1036-1045.
[3]	LIANG Yan-yan, ZHOU Jun-ying, CHENG Yan, LIAO Jian-hua, SHAN Zheng-jun. Progress on Surface Water Exposure Assessment Models for Pesticides Used in Rice Paddy [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(5): 635-644.
[4]	YANG Li-yang, ZHANG Yong-qing, TIAN Jing, WANG Si-qi. Effect of Grass Covering on Soil Fertility Quality of Apple Orchard in Jixian County Based on a Minimum Data Set [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(3): 374-381.
[5]	LIU Li-bing, XIONG Kang-ning, REN Xiao-dong. Assessment of Ecological Environment Status in the Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(2): 202-210.
[6]	LIU Hui, SHI Xue-yi. Spatio-temporal Evolution and Zoning of Ecological Vulnerability of Jingle County [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(1): 34-43.
[7]	WANG Li-chun, JIAO Li, LAI Feng-bing, DAI Peng-chao. Study on Evaluation and Driving Forces of Ecological Changes in Jinghe County, Xinjiang [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(3): 316-323.
[8]	LIU Suo-xuan, YUAN Yan-bin, ZHAO Hao, LI Qian. Analysis of Ecological Environment Changes in Hydropower Development Zone Based on RSEI: A Case Study in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Qingjiang River, China [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(11): 1361-1368.
[9]	FU Gang, BAI Jia-de, QI Yue, YAN Bing, HE Jing, XIAO Neng-wen, LI Jun-sheng. Ecological Vulnerability Assessment in Beijing Based on GIS Spatial Analysis [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(9): 830-839.
[10]	LÜ Ya-min, WU Yu-hong, LI Hong-da, LEI Tong, LÜ Jia-long. Effects of Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Surface Water of Paddy Field Under Different Fertilizer Rate [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(4): 349-355.
[11]	JIA You-yu, LI Hui, WANG Zhao-qi, DU Xiao-long, YANG Yue, LI Jian-long. Quantitative Evaluation of Eco-Environment Quality of the Terrestrial Ecological Red Line Area in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(6): 525-532.
[12]	WANG Lei, YANG Jing, XI Yun-guan, CHEN Qiu-hui, YIN Kui-yang, LI Gang, ZHANG Chi, TIAN Wei, ZHANG Hong-qi, LI Xu, ZHANG Ji-bing, XIAO Xing-ji. Assessment of Quality of Soils Under Organic Farming in South China [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(6): 564-570.
[13]	LIAO Jian-hua, ZHOU Jun-ying, CHENG Yan, CHEN Yang. Progress on Development of Upland Crop-Surface Water Exposure Scenarios for Pesticide Risk Assessment [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(4): 289-296.
[14]	ZHAO Jing, BI Chun-juan, CHEN Zhen-lou, SHI Qing, LI Lin-ru, YAO Chun-xia. Contents of Fluoroquinolone-Type Antibiotics in the Surroundings of Livestock Farms in Chongming Island of Shanghai [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(2): 120-126.
[15]	WANG Zhen, YANG Xian-hai, FAN De-ling, GUO Min, LIU Ji-ning, SHI Li-li. Ecological Risk Assessment of Triclocarban in Fresh Water of China by Species Sensitivity Distribution [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(10): 921-927.