Identification and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern in Jiaodong Peninsula

Identifying and optimizing the ecological security pattern is of great significance for ensuring regional ecological security and promoting sustainable development in the region. Using Jiaodong Peninsula as the study area, the preliminary ecological source area was identified through the ecological importance evaluation, and it was then further integrated into the ecological source area after verification of the fit with the nature reserve data. The luminous data were used to simulate the intensity of human activities to correct the ecological resistance surface obtained based on the value of different land types, and the minimum cumulative resistance model was applied to identify the ecological corridor and ecological buffer zone. The research results show that the land area of ecological sources on the Jiaodong Peninsula is 3 296.85 km², accounting for 10.78% of the total area of the study area. In addition to ecological sources, ecological buffer zones, ecological transition zones and development and construction zones account for 32.21%, 30.22% and 26.86%, respectively. 13 ecological corridors with a total length of 624.5 km have been identified. According to the natural geographic features and land use status of the study area, various components of the ecological security pattern in the region have been optimized and reorganized. Relying on natural water systems, hills and mountains, a layout system of networked ecological corridor groups with "one corridor, one belt, four zones and four groups" as the core has been proposed to realize a comprehensive, complex and networked ecological space structure in the Jiaodong Peninsula. This study can provide an important reference for advancing the regional integrated development and ecological space protection planning of the Jiaodong Peninsula.