Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 433-441.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0393

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Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Water in the Heihe River During Low Water Periods in Spring

WANG Yu1,2, LU Shi-guo1, LIU Juan-juan1, SHI Wen-qiang1,2, GUO Ya-min1   

  1. 1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2018-07-12 Online:2019-04-25 Published:2019-04-25

Abstract:

The spatial distribution of water physicochemical properties is very important for the management and protection of water resources. Intuitive analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and principal analysis were used to analyze the water quality and the spatial distribution of water physicochemical properties of the Heihe River during the dry season, mainly based on 11 sampling data monitored at 17 different sites on the stream channel in April, 2017. The results show that the water quality in the Heihe River is generally good and has strong self-purification capability, but the value of TN varies between 2.25 and 2.65 mg·L-1 in the middle reach, with the levels exceeding the Ⅴ class of national surface water environment standard. According to cluster and discriminant analysis, the samples were divided into 3 groups in spatial scale, of which the former two groups were sampled at the upper and lower stretch of the upper reach, respectively, while the third group sampled at the middle reach. The results reveal that WT, TN, TP and COD were the significant index. Principal component analysis showed that pH, TP, NH4+-N, COD were main factors controlling the water quality in the upper stretch of the upper reach(group 1), while EC, TDS, salinity, TN, DO and NO2--N were the main factors in the middle reach(group 3). The order of comprehensive scores for principal components indicated that the water quality in the lower stretch of the upper reach(group 2) is the best, followed by group 1, while group 3 is the worst. Our study indicate that the interception effect and blocking effect due to hydroelectric cascade exploitation on Heihe Rriver may take an active role in water quality improvement. Intensive human activities such as municipal sewage, agricultural irrigation and industrial sewage may be the main reason for the water body pollution in the middle reach.

Key words: water body, physicochemical property, spatial distribution, multivariate statistical analysis, Heihe River

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