Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 923-932.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.06.009

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Survey of the Jiangsu, Zhejiang Province and Shanghai Area for Rural Domestic Wastewater Pollution

LI Xin-yan1, LI Heng-peng1, YANG Gui-shan1, HE Bin1, HUA Meng-fei2, WANG Liang2, JI Cheng2, YU Shi-yun2, PANG Ye2, CHEN Jian2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences/Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-30

Abstract:

To provide a scientific basis for accurate calculation of pollutant load of rural domestic wastewater, a survey was unfolded by means of questionnaire in the Taihu Lake watershed to investigate consumption of water and wastewater generation in daily life and spatial distribution and fate of the wastewater in the rural areas. It is found that daily water consumption per capita of farm households is significantly and positively related to income level of the households and the highest in the plain of Shanghai. As influenced by factors such as water source and water price, it is higher in the hilly areas than in the plain areas in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. Spatial variation of annual domestic water consumption and wastewater generation is related to terrain, resident population, farmer's income level and economic development of the towns or villages. Although septic tanks are quite popularized in rural areas of the Taihu Lake Valley, they are used to pool toilet sewage and some bathroom wastewater and kitchen sewage only for primary treatment. About 30%-50% of the toilet wastewater is discharged directly into rivers after being treated in septic tanks. The pollution it brings about to the surface water environment cannot be ignored. Obviously the existing sewage treatment facilities can hardly effectively reduce the pressure of the discharge of rural domestic sewage on the surface water environment.

Key words: water consumption, rural domestic wastewater, sewage treatment facilities

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