Theory of Mountain-River-Forest-Farmland-Lake-Grass System and Ecological Protection and Restoration Research

The principles of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass system (referred as meta-ecosystem) are important for ecological conservation and restoration. Based on the concept of meta-ecosystem, the principles of ecological conservation and restoration for meta-ecosystem were preliminarily discussed from the perspective of ecosystem integrity, health and stability. Facing the current ecological environmental issues, the ecosystem characteristics and the China's strategy for ecological conservation and restoration, the content of ecological conservation and restoration for meta-ecosystem. The contents include the survey and assessment of background, the maintenance of protection achievements, the conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystem, optimization of biodiversity conservation pattern, the improvement of ecological migration and industrial upgrading, the demonstration of ecological conservation and restoration, and the construction of integrated information system. Moreover, projects of ecological protection and restoration for meta-ecosystem, which are carrying out in Shaanxi, Hebei, Gansu, Jiangxi and Qinghai, have been presented.