夏季东部海滨机场鸟类群落结构分析与鸟击防范对策

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0890

Abstract

Abstract: Airports usually have larger area of grassland with abundant vegetation which may provide suitable and ideal habitats for some birds. Summer is the best season for birds to breed and fledglings to leave out their nests. This will inevitably increase the probability of bird strike around airport and may cause loss of human lives and properties. It is essential to figure out the bird community structure and dynamics prior to taking active measures to prevent bird strike from happening. However, little is known about the bird community structure in Eastern Coastal Airports of China. To fill in this gap, we conducted a survey on avian composition in 6 habitats including grassland, beach, forest and scrubland, wetland, farmland and village in the range of 5 km of peripheral areas of a coastal airport in eastern China from June to August 2019. Both the faunal characteristics, community composition and nocturnal activity of birds were recorded. The risks of bird strike due to increased activity of birds around the airport were systematically analyzed and summarized. Totally 52 species of birds, belonging to 9 orders, 24 families were found in 8 line-transects. Among those species of birds, 10 were residents, 29 were summer residents, 13 were passing migrants that occupied 19.23%, 55.77% and 25.00% in the whole bird community around this airport, respectively. Natatores and waders accounted for 55.77% of the total bird species. The ranking of high-risk of bird strike is Hirundo rustica>Passer montanus>Larus ridibundus>Columba domestica>Larus canus. Wetland had the largest diversity index (2.703 5) and evenness index (0.839 9) which hosted 25 bird species accounting for 48.07% of the total bird species around the airport. There were also 4 nocturnal species of birds which might threaten flight safety. They are Caprimulgus indicus, Otus scops, Athene noctua and Asio otus. It is proposed to reduce and prevent bird strike from occurring by implementing classified ecological environment management, strengthening precise prevention, and control of birds with high-risk, such as, nocturnal bird species, around the airport area.

Key words: coastal airport, bird survey, diversity, bird strike prevention, wetland

CLC Number:

X171.1

LIU Zhen-jiang, FAN Li-hong, YAN Zheng. Analysis of Bird Community Structure and Birdstrike Prevention Measures in a Coastal Airport in Summer[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(11): 1430-1436.

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Analysis of Bird Community Structure and Birdstrike Prevention Measures in a Coastal Airport in Summer

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