The continuous increasing of municipal refuse has led to the difficulty in their complete treatment solely by traditional means. By using ecological engineering technologies to develop municipal refuse treatment and utilization ecological industry so as to internalize treatment and environmental protection into utilization and industrial production is an appropriate way of solving this problem. The results of a pilot study in Guanghan City showed that the connecting of hardware (innovation of techniques and equipment,etc.),software (revision of laws and policies, reform of institutions, etc.) and mind ware (behavioural inducement and education), the leading of the government, the support of scientific technology, the involvement of the enterprises, and the participation of the local residents are the key factors for the minimization, innocuity and resourcification of municipal refuse,and for the industrialization and systemization of its disposal. By taking those measures, social, economic and ecological benefits could all be obtained. The principles, the practical measures and the designing for ecological engineering of municipal refuse treatment and utilization have been discussed.

By studying on the relations between agricultural activities, agricultural policies and environmental changes, an evaluation index structure and index analysis framework have been worked out to reflect the status quo of the sustainable development of agriculture. The use of the deviation method for evaluating the sustainable status of agricultural systems would facilitate the judging and making of appropriate agricultural policies. The practical measures, procedures and criteria for evaluation of sustainable agriculture status have been proposed.

On the bases of the State Council′s policy, the following suggestions for ecoreconstruction in Upper and Middle Reaches of Changjiang River Basin have been proposed:for the Upper Reaches, to rehabilitate and rebuild forest ecosystems, to implement government policy of “Sealing and Reforesting of Hills; Stopping Cultivation for Afforestation”,to enhance the research works of the fixed ecological monitoring stations, to perfect the forest nature conservation network, and to control soil erosion; For the Middle Reaches, to restore lake ecosystems for improving their regulating and storing function and capacity, to maintain and renovate existing watercourses, dams and dikes so as to buildup their sluicing capacity, and to put water conservancy projects and measures into effect so as to guarantee the local safety during the flood season. 

The water resources in the hilly land regions of the Middle Reaches of Changjiang River maintain the ecosytem′s water equilibrium and support agricultural sustainable development. The obstacle to further development is the uneven distribution of rainfalls. A few suggestions are put forward: strengthening engineering measures and improving water storing ability to ensure water equilibrium of the ecosystem; widely adopting ecological measures such as soil mulching and fertilizing; popularizing the use of water saving irrigation technology to support further development of hilly land agriculture. 

Based on spot investigation and data analyses the evolution of ecological environment in Ejina Oasis of Inner Mongolia has been studied and the measures for preventing oasis degradation have been put forward. 

The four principles of sustainable utilization of oasis land resource have been put forward. Those principles are:systematic harmonization,regional stabilization, dynamic balancing and the coordinating of utilization and protection. On the bases of those principles, four amending modes for the overall planning of oasis land utilization have been discussed. 

The afforestation system construction,the ecological construction planning and the layout and rearrangement of township and village industrial enterprises(TVIE)are the main points of the Fanshui Township Ecological Construction General Planning. It has been concluded that the key measures for well implementing ecological construction planning are: to have high attentions paid by the township leaders,to strengthen environmental management and technical supports,to increase environmental investment and to encourage public participation. The positive analyses showed that ecological construction planning has promoted the economic and environmental coordinated development of Fanshui Township.

Ecotourism is an idea form of tourism. The definition of ecotourism and the construction and service of ecotourism areas have been discussed. The construction of ecotourism programs, energy resource systems, transportation facilities and agriculture systems for ecotourism have been described. The environmental protection strategy of ecotourism areas has been proposed. 

For promoting the tourism industry in Qiandaohu Watershed Area and on the bases of the climate characteristics of the Area, an assessment was made on the influence of climate resource of the Area to the development of summer holiday tourism, recreational agriculture tourism and seasonal tourism projects. The results of the assessment showed that the climate resource of the Area is good for the development of tourism industry. 

Taking Huaibei Power Plant of Anhui Province as example,the effects of fluorine emitted by the Plant on soil and crop of reclaimed ash field were studied.The Plant uses high fluorine content coal as its fuel. The results of the study indicated that some ash field soil and wheat were polluted by fluorine. The extent of pollution was clearly related to the age of ash field and fluorine concentration of the air. The fluorine pollution to the wheat crop was mainly caused by air fluorine. 

The contingent valuation method (CVM), an effective approach to evaluate environmental goods (public goods) widely used by the western countries has been systematically introduced. Based on a large amount of references and authors existed studies on this aspect, the characteristics and value implication of environmental goods are explained, the concepts, features and framework content of CVM are summarized, the types of bias in CVM application are analyzed, the existed applications of CVM in the world and in China are concluded and the applicable potentiality and the prospect are presented. 

The environmental behavior,cumulative impacts, bioconcentration, and biological effects of rare earth have been described. From the aspect of bioconcentration of rare earth and its negative effects on animals and plants,the potential eco environmental impacts of rare earth accumulation caused by its agricultural application are discussed.

The system of aquatic environment standards and its enforcement in USA is consisted of ambient water quality standards and effluent limitations or standards. USEPA focused on the practicability of the standards in setting them. The two kinds of standards are set to complement each other in functions. In enforcement, aquatic environment standards are not acting in isolation, but together with legal systems such as permit system and market organisms such as permit trading. Through the above way, the aquatic environment standards and its enforcement make up a complete system. We can draw on the experience of USA in setting and enforcing of aquatic environment standards in China. 

Both the rich base of human idea and the distinct orientation of human value implicated in the theory of sustainable development have been analyzed and described. The orientation of human value in the theory reflects the development of human being and the civilization of the society. It calls for controlled economic development, equal development and the establishing of ecological civilization. 

The photodegradation decoloring efficiencies of Nanometer TiO₂ (a kind of photocatalyst) to dyeing wastewater containing water soluble dyes (Reactive Yellow X6G, Reactive Red X3B, Reactive Blue XBR, Alkali Green, Alkali Violet and Alkali Fuchsin) have been studied. The results of the study showed that in pH 2 acidic medium the decoloring efficiencies of Nanometer TiO₂ to the six dyestuff solutions (60 mg/L) were all exceeding 93.3%. Even to the high concentration Reactive Blue solution (200 mg/L) the decoloring rate could still be as high as 78.8%. It was also concluded that the pH value of dyestuff solution has a significant influence to the decoloring function of Nanometer TiO₂.

The characteristics and the environmental issues arose during the processes of urbanization in Southern Jiangsu have been analyzed and discussed. It has been concluded that sustainable development is the only way for the development of urbanization. Five comments on harmonious approaches which are significant to the sustainable development of Southern Jiangsu have been proposed.