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Table of Content

Volume 13 Issue 3
10 August 1997
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LandSalinization in China and the Prevention Countermeasures
YU Zhen-Rong, WANG Jian-Wu
1997, 13(3):  1-5. 
Abstract ( 604 )   PDF (462KB) ( 5049 )  
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There are 36,300,000 hm 2 of salinized land in China. Land salinization is one of the most serious ago eco environment problems. Harnessing and prevention of land salinization are extremely important to the prevention of agro ecosystem degradation, the protection of ago eco environment and the security of food supply in future for arid, semi arid and semi humid areas. The paper describes the development of land salinization in China,discusses the possible land and economic losses caused by land salinization. On the bases of evaluations on technical, social and economic factors and on the existing technical, administrative, policy and legislative systems, the countermeasures for combating land salinization have been proposed. The countermeasures include regional strategic measures, technical policies, management policies, legislative measures and economic incentive measures. 
Comprehensive Evaluation on the Circulation Function of Agro ecosystems (Part 1)
CAO Zhi-Ping
1997, 13(3):  6-10,49. 
Abstract ( 601 )   PDF (118KB) ( 1290 )  
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Based on the extended biological holographic theory and on the holographic relationship between the blood circulation in human body and the material circulation in agro ecosystem, the following five factors which affect the circulation function of agro ecosystems were identified: single harvest yield, multiple cropping index, waste extent of fodder, fodder conversion efficiency and circulation quantum. The formula for calculation of arterial pressure in human body has been applied in the study of agro ecosystems. The model for expression of the relationship between motive and resistance factors in the circulation of ago ecosystems has been established.
Study on Landscape Ecological Strategies for the Northern Part of Jiangsu Province
YAN Chuan-Hai, SONG Yong-Chang
1997, 13(3):  11-15. 
Abstract ( 527 )   PDF (731KB) ( 1428 )  
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Based upon the studies on climate, geomorphology, soil and vegetation, the landscape ecological classification system for the northern part of Jiangsu Province is established. It is a two grades system, including 10 landscape types and 31 landscape subtypes. Landscape type is divided by vegetation and landscape subtype is classified according to topography and vegetation map of landscape ecological types of the northern part of Jiangsu Province (1∶1000000) has been drawn. On the map the areas of landscape types and landscape subtypes are measured. Lastly, the ecological issues of the main landscape types in the northern part of Jiangsu Province such as sparse vegetation landscape, evergreen coniferous forest landscape, deciduous broad leaved forest landscape, dry land crop landscape, rotation of paddy and dry land landscape, paddy land crop landscape, freshwater landscape are analysed in detail, and the corresponding strategies are put forward. 
Harvest of Phytomass and Sustainable Utilization of Plant Resources in Upland of Southern China
GUAN Dong-Sheng, CHEN Yu-Juan
1997, 13(3):  16-19. 
Abstract ( 544 )   PDF (174KB) ( 1138 )  
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The harvest of phytomass and the sustainable utilization of plant resources in upland of Southern China are discussed from the point of view of reducing phytomass harvest caused nutrient losses in ecosystems. Since the method, the time and the frequency of phytomass harvesting and the vegetations used for fuel are quite different in different places, the nutrient loss of various ecosystems are therefore largely different. The results of the research will the helpful for the management and sustainable utilization of renewable resources in upland of Southern China. 
Ecological Functions and the Utilization of Dianshan Lake Wetland
YOU Wen-Hui
1997, 13(3):  20-24. 
Abstract ( 779 )   PDF (153KB) ( 1170 )  
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As the only fresh water lake of Shanghai, Dianshan Lake lies on the border of Jiangsu Province and Metropolitan Shanghai and covers an area of 62 square kilometers. The dominant factors to the formation of Dianshan Lake Wetland such as geological factor, geomorphologic factor, climate factor, hydrological factor and human activity factor etc and their interactions are briefly introduced in the paper. The productional function and the environmental and ecological functions of the Wetland are discussed. The Approaches for protection and proper utilization of the Wetland are also proposed. 
Content and Distribution of Soluble Fluorine in Soils of the Middle and Northern Parts of Anhui Province
ZHENG Lu
1997, 13(3):  25-27,32. 
Abstract ( 567 )   PDF (492KB) ( 1435 )  
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representative soil samples were collected from the middle and northern parts of Anhui Province. The results of the soil sample test show that the contents of soluble fluorine in soils ranged from 0.38 mg/kg to 12.69 mg/kg, averaging 2.38 mg/kg. The soluble fluorine content in soil is higher in the south than in the north of the region. The test results show the following order of soil types as regard to the soluble fluorine contents from high to low: Shajiang dark soil, Yellow brown earth and Purple soil, Paddy soil, Limy soil. The test results also show the following order of soil parent materials as regard to the soluble fluorine contents from high to low: loess like sediment, Huanghe River alluvial deposit, Purple rock, Xiashu loess, Limestone, weathered acidic rock, river alluvial deposit. The contents of soluble fluorine in soil was found to be positively correlated with the pH values of the soils.
Study on Residue Activity of Chlorsulfuron and Metsulfuron methyl in Soils of Five Agricultural Areas of Jiangsu Province
YAO Dong-Rui, CHEN Jie, SONG Xiao-Ling, LIU You-Zhao, LI Yang-Han
1997, 13(3):  28-32. 
Abstract ( 624 )   PDF (164KB) ( 1219 )  
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Corn was selected as the bioassay plant for the study of chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron methyl residue bioactivity in soils of typical agricultural areas of Jiangsu Province. The results of the study show that the inhibition rates of corn root growth is closely related to the application doses of the two herbicides. The ED 50 values reckoned from the dose response model show that ED 50 is negatively correlated with soil pH value and positively correlated with content of organic matter. The degradation and the residue levels of the two herbicides in soils with different conditions were studied and predicted.
Relationship Between Agricultural Environment and the Growth and Decline of Crop Insect Weed Communities in Farmland Ecosystem
HOU Yu-Bi, MA Ren-Zhong, 吕Cun-Yu , GUO Sheng-Hong
1997, 13(3):  33-36,52. 
Abstract ( 611 )   PDF (564KB) ( 1383 )  
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According to the results of a wet dry rotation cropping experiment, the regularities of growth, decline and changes of crop insect (destructive and beneficial) weed communities were studied. The approaches of using those regularities for the development of production, maintenance of farmland ecosystem balance, optimization of agro eco environment and maximization of crop yield were also discussed. 
A Comparative Study of Energy Flow and Economic Flow of Organic and Inorganic Strawberry Production Systems
XI Yun-Guan, TAI Chong-Mei, WANG Qiu-Hua, DING Wei, BAO Ya-Ju, LI Zheng-Fang
1997, 13(3):  37-41. 
Abstract ( 627 )   PDF (157KB) ( 1302 )  
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The energy flows and economic flows of organic and inorganic strawberry production systems and their influences on soil environment are discussed on the basis of field experiments. The results of the study show that the fruit yield and the economic efficiency of organic system were both higher than that of the inorganic system. Though, the energy output/input rate of organic system was only 25% of that of the inorganic system, the energy inputted to the organic system was mostly renewable energy, and the contents of organic matter and micro biomass in soil of organic system were higher than that of the inorganic system, it indicates that the soil environment of the organic system is better than that of the inorganic system. 
Behavior of Organic Pollutants in Soil and Water
DING Ying-Xiang, ZHU Yan, HUANG Jian-Yue-Ling
1997, 13(3):  42-45. 
Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (175KB) ( 1570 )  
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The advances of the study in the field of the behavior of organic pollutants in soil and water were introduced. The introduction is focused on the theory of partition uptake of nonionic organic compounds by soil organic matter and the partition coefficients between soil and water. The uptakes were significantly controlled by the polarities of soil organic matters and the organic pollutants. The capacity of partition uptake was associated with the composition of soil organic matters and the solubility of organic pollutants in water. 
Discussion on Rural Industry Distribution and Suburb Spatial innovation of Guangdong Province
YE Dai-Fu
1997, 13(3):  46-49. 
Abstract ( 557 )   PDF (96KB) ( 1215 )  
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The distribution of township and village industrial enterprises and the status quo of suburb ecological environment in coastal areas of Guangdong Province have been discussed. A new concept of spatial innovation for rural trades distribution has been developed. Integrated with real cases, the relationship between trades distribution and environmental construction has been discussed. 
Estimation of Anthropogenic Ammonia Emissions in Jiangsu Zhejiang Shanghai District
XU Xin-Hua
1997, 13(3):  50-52. 
Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (142KB) ( 1425 )  
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The amount of anthropogenic ammonia emissions in Jiangsu Zhejiang Shanghai District for the year of 1990 has been calculated. The results of the calculation show that the application of chemical fetilizers, the raising of livestock and the consumption of fuels are the major anthropogenic emission sources of ammonia in this district. The total amount of anthropogenic ammonia emission of the district in 1990 was 769.30 kt, of which livestock accounted for 30.0%, chemical fertilizer 25.0% and fuel consumption 25.8%. The strength of ammonia emission of this district in 1990\ was 3.65 t per square kilometer and 6.26 kg per capita.
Function of Earthworm for Accumulation of Cd from Garbage and Sediments
NIU Ming-Fen, CUI Yu-Zhen
1997, 13(3):  53-54. 
Abstract ( 559 )   PDF (104KB) ( 1789 )  
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The results of research on treatment of garbage and polluted river sediments by using earthworm showed that earthworm could absorb and accumulate Cd in garbage and sediments, but could not absorb and accumulate other heavy metals such as Pb, Cu and Zn.