In the next four to six decades, enhanced emissions of the greenhouse gases:carbon dioxide, methane, chloroflorocarbon and nitrogen oxide rexulting from human activities will increase the global mean surface temperature by 1- 3℃. According to the current trend of agricultural and climaticchanges in China, six sensitive agricultural areas and five regions with high vulnerability to the global warming impacts areindentified, In the meantime, adapted countermeasures are prodosed in consideration of the incremental cost and benefitcaused by global warming.

The distribution of village ecosystem is anoutstanding and common phenomenon in the surface. The ordinary principles of regional village ecosystem distribution are summaried in the paper. The village ecosystem is characterized by landscape. dispersion and aggregation, dynamic transformation,gradient,adaptation,limitation and humanity etc..Thetheoretical distribution models are separatively set for different topogrdphy regions as.plain,mountain, lake, basin hilly orplatform, island and transitional zone. 

On the basis of energy ecology theory and input-output method, the energy flow and utilization efficiencyin Shengli Oil Field Ecological Farm are analyzed and calculated. The shortage of system production and problems in energyutilizatlon are,summarized. Suggestions for the adjustment of industrial and energy input structures within system are proposed. This study provides a scientific basis for raising the productivity and energy conversion efficiency of system. 

The model for crop-pig-fish complex ecosystem adaptable to hilly area is set based on four yearsstudy.In the system,semiintensive breeding ls the best wayin fresh water fish breeding.The complexed breeding structure, water quality management and herbage and other foddercombined techniques in serni-intensive fish breeding are alsodiscussed.

197 chronic arsenic poisoning patients with the sign of specific skin lesion have beer found in six villages nearHuhehaote City since 1990. Epidemiologic study for chronicarsenic poisoning has been carried out with different methods.The result shows that the epidemic factor of the disease is natural water enriched in arsenic. 

According to the pollutant burden dixchargedinto Datong River from the factories, a simulation test in theeffect of Organic sewage irrigation on rice growth was conducted. The results are as follows:the:severe effect of sewage irrigation on rice growth and yield will appear when the organicmattet amount in the sewage water reaches to the critical level; and the rice growth and yield also is negatively affectedwith the irrigation of Datong River,which indicates that Da-tong River has been already severely polluted.

The leaching of pesticide in soil is affected andcontrol led by many factors;Acomputer model for pesticlderesidue, leaching and fate in soil was established according to the hebavior of pexticide in soil environment.This model wasused to study the fate of Ald icarb insoil under differentcomditions. The results showed that Aldicarb application site,the amount and time of precipitation and/or irrigation after the pesticide application were proved to have great effects on itsleaching in the soil profile,and the soil organic carbon contenthad less influence.The depth of groundwaterhad fairly greatinfluence to pesticide groundwater contamination.When thegroundwater depth is less than one meter,groundwater is vulnerable to pesticide contamination.

Germination test and pot experiment have been used to study the effect of phthalate esters(DBP,DEHP )on 15 crops. The result,show that both DBP and DEHp(10mg/1 )has no significant effect on crop germination,but the mor-phological characters of crop seed ling have been changed to certain extent.Electron micrograph observations to su ffered Ieaves reveal that chloroplast structure is changed.The rela-tionship between esters(chemical and phyxical nature)and sensitivity of crons has been discussed too. The sensitivity or-der of vegetables to phthalate esters has been proposed through the study. 

The bioconcentration of ³H-PP₃₃₃ in Daphnia magna in system A (contained alage)and system B(no algae in water)and elimination were studied.The transfer of PP₃₃₃ between Daphnia magna and water was analyzed with medical dynamics model.The result showed that the BCFof PP₃₃₃ in Daphnia magna in system A was significantly higher than that in system B because of deeding at early period of the experment.So the bio-magnification was existed.However the BCF of PP₃₃₃ in Daphnia magna between two systems was very close at the later period of the experiment.The elimination of PP₃₃₃ in Daphnia magna fitted the process of first dynamics,with half-life 6 hours.After the experiment was finished,the residue of PP₃₃₃ in Daphnia magna accounted for 20% of the total.

A simulated experiment was conducted to determine the role of wastewater dixcharged from an amino-acidfactory in improving the characteristics of purple dryland soil. The results, which were consisted with the field investigationand analysis, showed that nitrogen and organic matter contents in the soil had been considerably increased;soil moisturecondition had been improved and water loss rate from the soilhad been decreased after the input of the wastewater. However,the negative effects as the accumulation of Cl iron and salt,increasing activity of the Cu,Zn,Mn,Pb and other heavy tnet-als were also observed in the experiment. These results werefurther confirmed with field investigation and sample analysis. 

The main soil fertility indexes of the soil samples collected from the orchard of Kangji ecological farm,Chengwu County of Shandong Province, normal agriculturalland and waste land(as check)were separatively determinedand analyzed with the method of comparative analysis, The results show that the soil fertility of planting orchard has been improved from the 5th grade before the exploitation to the 3rdgrdde after the exploitation , which is equal to nedrby normalfarmland. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen. quick-effective nitrogen and phosphorus have been obviouslyraised. And the degree of salinization has been reduced. However,there is a potentiality in improving the soil fertility of theecological farmland. 

The formation and development of ecologicalengineer in China and the west have their own various specialbackground including social, economic, scientific and technical.so that there are some differences between Chinese and Western ecological engineering in the aspacts of purposes of study and application,theoretic basis, design principle,technology ’human manipulation of ecosystem structure and recognizxd values. In order to promote the development of ecological engineering in the world,a briefly comparision of ecological engineering between China and the West is made in order to learn from and help each other. 

Based on the field surveys in more than 20 natural reserves distributed in 10 provinces and autonomous regions and on the national wide data analysis,the present status of the effective management of natural reserves in China was comprehensively analyzed from the aspects of administrative system,construction of mananagement institution,resources conservation and suitable utilization,scientiflc research and conseruation publicity and education. Furthermore,the achievements and shortcomings were summarized,and;some countermeasures and recommendations corresponding to the existed shortcomings were put forward. 

In this paper, the toxicities of four new pesticides on Rana limnocharis tadpole were tested, and their safety pre-evaluations were made.the results show that these pesticides are low-toxic to frog. Since the application time of propachlor is consistent with tadpole growth period of the frog,it is suggested that measures should be taken in order to protect tadpole from propachlor wheen it is applied. 

The water quality of deep water in 1000square kilometers area and shallow water in 600 square kilometer area of western Huhehaote Basin was analyzed. The results show that both deep water and shallow water are rich inarsenic. Arsenic content in1.8%of shallow water and 40.9%of deep water is higer than the National Sanitary Standard fordrinking water of China. Arsenic in the water exists mainly inthe form of arsenious state. The contents of dissolved oxygen,sulphate,nitrite and selenium are all lower. Some water samples are high in fluoride.Iron ion and manganese ion are traceelements in the water. These phenomenons indicate that thereis the powerful reducing environment of rich organic substancein the area,in which arsenic is easily moved and accumulated.These are helpful in the occurrence of drinking water arsenicpoisoning case.

The organic phosphorus petsticide residues in summer vegetables were investigated and reported in the paper, The average residues.of Rogor,Methyl-parathion and Diazinon in tomato,kidney bean and green pepper were 0.081mg/kg,0.015mg/kg and 0. 003mg/kg,respectively. DDVP was not detected in above three summer vegetables. The sequence of the rate of exceding standard of pesticide residues inthe summer vegetables was methyl-parathion> Rogor>Diazi- non > DDVP. In addition,the rate of detection of organicphosphorus in kidney bean is the highest, middle in green pepper and low in tomato.