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Table of Content

Volume 9 Issue 1
10 February 1993
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STUDY ON RELATION BETWEEN WATER CYCLING AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN OAK FOREST ECOSYSTEM
WEI Xiao-Hua, ZHOU Xiao-Feng
1993, 9(1):  1-5,62. 
Abstract ( 585 )   PDF (378KB) ( 1164 )  
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The relation between water cycling and nutrient cycling was studied from, community level in the oak forest. The results showed that rainfall is a very important input of nutrient to ecosystem and the washing-leaching processes of canopy are very helpful for the return of nutrient to soil and shorting the route of nutrient cycling. As nutrient enriched stemflow is large in oak forest, the roots of oak can obtain lot of nutrient and water. This helps oak to adaptdry and meager soil. Runoff is an important output of nutrients and water to ecosystem. Because infiltration flow with low nutrient content accounts for 90% of total runoff, nutrient can be accumulated. As rainfall passes through ecosystem. its distribution pattern is varied, which causes the difference of nutrient accumulation. The effects of human interference on nutrient cycling and water cycling were also studied. It shows that clear-cuting can cause hydrological changes and loss of nutrient. In order to estimate well the ecological function of forest, it is very necessary to combine water cycling with nutrient cyclung.
PERSPECTIVE IN DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD PROTECTED AREA CAUSE
WANG Xian-Pu
1993, 9(1):  6-8,42,62. 
Abstract ( 504 )   PDF (387KB) ( 1497 )  
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Over 130 nations in the world have togther established about 6500 mgjor legally protected areas, covering nearly 5 % of earth’s land surface . however, these areas suffer from a number of problems, which vary from country to country . This paper mainly deals with the most important general problems and how to solve them, in order to promote the development of protected area cause in the world. 
TECHNOLOGICAL EXPLORING FOR THE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF TONGGULING NATURE RESERVE AND SURROUNDING AREA IN HAILAND ISLAND
XUE Da-Yuan
1993, 9(1):  9-11,17,62. 
Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (359KB) ( 1352 )  
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On the basis of field surveys to Tongguling Nature Reserve in Hailand Island,the technological approaches that can take the advantage of tropical natural conditions am! utilize the natural resources reasonably and sustfiinably, were proposed in the paper in order to deal with the main problems existed in the management of the reserve . The main idea of the technological approaches is to establish a comprehensive production system in which the biogas production operates as a central linkage integrating with such production components as cul’ivation. breeding, processing industry and human’s living energy. This production system will improve the productivity of the degraded lands distributed in the buffering zone of the reserve and its surrounding area,and increase the benefits of economy,social and environment .Thereby, it will promote the effective management and conservation for the core zone of the reserve.
STUDY ON BENIGN CYCLE OF RURAL ECOSYSTEM AND SYSTEMATIVE MANAGEMENT OF SHANYI VILLAGE NEAR XIAOSHAN CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE. V. Comprehensive Prevent and Control of Plant Disease and Insect and practical Implementation
ZHAO Hai-Tang, HU Zhi-Lian, LU Hong-Gui, ZHANG Shao-Liang, PEI Yu-Song
1993, 9(1):  12-17,62. 
Abstract ( 526 )   PDF (444KB) ( 1235 )  
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The demonstrative expereriment on comprehensive prevent and Control of pland disease and insect was conducted in a relatively large agricultural area (106.1ha) in Shanyi village during 1984 - 1986. The experimental results were extensively applied in production from 1987 to 1989. A techniques regulation in prevention of pesticide pollution has been formulated in the village. The integrated measures for prevent pesticide pollution include: working out the control strategyi applying pesticide in optimum period with rational dosei protecting and utilizing the natural enemies of insect i popularizing resistant plant varietiest spreading highly effective and less-persistent pesticides i applying N P and K fertilizers rationally t and so on. As a result, the remarkable economical , ecological and social benefits were achieved. The pesticide application dosage was reduced by 80. 6%. The residue, of organochlorine pesticides (such as BHC) in grain is in the range of permissible level (it was over the permissive level by 31. 6% in the past). The number of spiders in fields increased by 83. 3-180. 1% and that of Agamermis sp. (a kind of natural enemy of rice planthopper) raised to 3 times as high as that of the past. 
APPLICATION OF ECOLOGIC ENGINEERING IN FORESTRY, EXPERIMENT OF INTEGRATED FORESTRY ENGINEERING IN LOW MOUNTAIN AND HILLY AREA
YUN Zheng-Ming, GAO Fu-Cun
1993, 9(1):  18-22,63. 
Abstract ( 540 )   PDF (485KB) ( 1086 )  
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The Taihang mountain, with a long and thoroughly destructive history. is a mountain ecosystem with harsh ecologic environment. In the Seventh Five ?Year Plan, rhe reconstruction of the plant cover in the mountain was designated as a priority research project. From 1986,according to the principles of ecologic engineering, a new concept of integrated forest engineering, which includes mainly the acknowledging project of environment ( the selecting project of species , the mate prject of species the accumulation project of soil and water, the time rhythum project and the food-chain project had been undertaken. The experimental model in the small region of Xiang mountain had been built. By means of four years work , great progress had been made.
STUDY ON THE OPTIMAL STRUCTURE OF RADEANT ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
ZHANG Bin, ZHANG Xi-Gu
1993, 9(1):  23-25,29,63. 
Abstract ( 511 )   PDF (334KB) ( 1173 )  
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A new input-output meclel , combined with linear programming, was applied to forecast and optimize the production structure of radiant agro-eco-engineering on the basis of production situation of Xinghuo Experimental Husbandry Farm in 1989. The: main results are as follows; the optimized profit value of optimum production structure of the year 1989 was 412642 yaun, which was 3. 98 times of real production structure in the same year. However, with another model. the optimized profit value of the forecast production was 776108. 8 yuan, though its structure was similar to the optimized production strucfute of 1989, It is suggested that fully utilization of the facilities in the farm and application of new techniques are two important aspects for obtaining optimal effects. 
ANALYSIS ON THE DIFFERENCE OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN PART OF THE COMMODITY GRAIN PRODUCTION BASES OF CHINA AND ITS COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION
DUAN Zuo-Liang
1993, 9(1):  26-29,63. 
Abstract ( 624 )   PDF (304KB) ( 1207 )  
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On the basis of profound investigation of China’s agricultual environment quality status carried in 1988 and heavy metal pollution data in part of commodity grain production bases of China ,the differences of heavy metal pollution in various maket grain production bases are analyzed and classified with multivariate analysis statistics. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to evaluate the extent of heavy metal pollution in different market grain bases. Therefore, the relative order of heavy metal pollution is obtained.
STUDY ON FORMS OF ADDED Zn IN SOIL
LIN Yu-Suo, XUE Jia-Hua
1993, 9(1):  30-32,48,63. 
Abstract ( 600 )   PDF (309KB) ( 1297 )  
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In this paper,a sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the forms of Zn added in soil as follows i exchangeable ibound to carbonates,bound to oxides and bound to organic matter. The effects of pH,temperature and Zn concentration in solution on distribution of each form of Zn were investigated. The resuls obtained show that the distribution of Zn forms in terms of percentage is in the order, bound to carbonates >>exchangeable>bound to oxides>bound to organic matter at pH7.5; or exchangeable>bound to carbonates> bound to oxidesl>bound to organic matter at pH 5. 5. The experimental data also showed that temperature and Zn concentration have great influence on the distribution of forms of Zn added in soil.
STUDY ON THE VOLATILITY OF FOUR PESTICIDES
ZHANG Ai-Yun, ZHU Zhong-Lin, CAI Dao-Ji
1993, 9(1):  33-36,63. 
Abstract ( 598 )   PDF (316KB) ( 1307 )  
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The volatilities of four pesticides from vegetable, water and soil surfaces under laboratory modelling system were studied. The results show that the orders for the volatile rate of the pesticide in different mediums are methyl-ISP > pyrimyxthion > propachlor> monocarboxoldepyde. The results of the theoretical calculation and the actual analysis are almost the same. According to the criteria of pesticide safety evaluation, these four pesticides are classified to low volatility pesticide.
BIOACCUMULATION AND DISAPPEARANCE OF 35S- DIMEHYPO IN SIMULATED AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
CHEN Zu-Yi, MI Chun-Yun, CHENG Bing
1993, 9(1):  37-38,63-64. 
Abstract ( 804 )   PDF (267KB) ( 1319 )  
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The bioacrumulation and disappearance of 35S-dimehypo in simulated aquatic ecosystem were investigated, using simulated ecosystem experimental facilities and radioisotope tracer techniques. After the experiment for 20 days ,high absorption by Wolffia arrhiza Wimm was found in the ecosystem of water,Wolffia arrhiza Wimm,Ctenopharyngodon indellus and snail. The bioaccumulation ratios of Wolffia arrhiza Wimm was 24. 65% , which is much higher than that of snail or fish. The bioaccumulation ratios of fish parts differed, viscera with the remain of Wolff ia arrhizaWimm (4. 01 %)>. gill (1. 66%)>bone (0. 95%)>meat (0. 52%). After the fish were transferred from the contaminated water to clean water, the disappearance of 35 S-dimehypo in the processes of fish excretion and metabolism was also examined. As a result, the residual pesticide disappears with time, with its half life about 10 days. 
ACUTE TOXICITY OF PACLOBUTRAZOL TO AQUATIC ORGANISM
JIN Hong-Jun, SUN Li-Wei, LI Jun, YE Bing-Sheng
1993, 9(1):  39-42,64. 
Abstract ( 2329 )   PDF (369KB) ( 1417 )  
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In this study,Scendesmusobliqaus,daphnia magna and Ctenopharyngodon idellus were selected to study the acute toxicity of Paclobutrazol to different categories of aquatic organism. The EC50-96hr to Scenedesmus obliqaus is 20. 62mg/l and the LC50-48hr to Daphnia magna is 21. 86 mg/ 1. The LC50-120hr in static bio-test is 16. 33mg/l, while in flowing-water tests, LC50-96hr is 14. 36mg/l and the LC50-120hr is 9.13mg/l. According to the pesticide toxicity evaluation standard in laboratory, the toxicity of Paclobutrazol to the aquatic organisms is low. The result of preliminary safety e-valuation in field also demonstrates that Padobutrezol is low toxic. Therefore,it can be concluded that the pesticide is less dangrous to aquatic organisms. However, its chronic toxicity and long term accumulation effect are needed to further study.
STUDY ON ADJUSTMENT OF TOWNSHIP AND VILLAGE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE:A Case Study in Changde City of Hunan Province
ZHU Jian-Lin, LIU Yu-Shan, GUO Shi-Yun
1993, 9(1):  43-48,64. 
Abstract ( 558 )   PDF (452KB) ( 1224 )  
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On the basis of expert consultant and AHP method, the plan for adjusting the structure of township and village industry in Changde city of Hunan province is proposed. It is proved that the optimum adjustment plan can not only qualitatively but also quantitatively formulated with the combination of priority weight with level analysis and trade structure situation. 
SOURCE OF WINDBREAK AND SAND-FIXATION Piaus Sylvestris VAR. MONGOLICA FOREST IN ZHANGGUTAI REGION OF LIAONING PROVINCE
WU Xiang-Yun
1993, 9(1):  49-50,64. 
Abstract ( 579 )   PDF (212KB) ( 1208 )  
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On the basis of the determination of grass yield in artificial windbreak and sand-fixation Pinus sylvesrtis var. mongolica forest, the effects of seasonal change of herbage biomass yield and forest density on the herbaceous plant yield are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Moreover, the pasturable resource productivity potential at artificial sand-fixation Pinus sylveitris vur. mongolica forest in Zhanggutai region is preliminary assessed through the method of forage grass yield. 
INTERVAL ANALYSES ON THE COORDINATIVE ACTIONS BETWEEN ECONOMIC FACTORS AND ECOLOGICAL FACTORS
PENG Bi-Yu, LIU Wei
1993, 9(1):  51-53,64. 
Abstract ( 506 )   PDF (266KB) ( 957 )  
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By the method of interval analyses, the impacting process and result of increasing some economic factors on the ecological environment were studied on the basis of the calculation of historical data of 18 cement factories. This study provides a very flexable adjustment and control approach for coordintive action between ecological factors and ecomomic factors. 
APPLICATION OF MULTILEVEL FUZZY OVERALL ASSESSMENT IN THE EVALUATION OF ECOLOICAL AGRICULTURE
SUN Gui-Lan
1993, 9(1):  54-57,64. 
Abstract ( 557 )   PDF (299KB) ( 1472 )  
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The multilevel fuzzy overall assessment method is applied in evaluating ecological agricultural experiment result in Furong/huang Village of Wulian County, Shandong Province. The result indicates that this method is of simplicity , convenience and accuracy. Since it integrates organically different factors (or indexes) , therefore, it is an effective way for solving the difficulties of weight and distribution in comprehensive assessment with many factors. 
AGRO ENVIRONMENLAI.pROTECTION SHOULD BELISTED IN CHECK UP SUBSTANCE OF AN AIMING RE SPONSIBILITY SYSTEM OF THE COUNTY GOVERNMENT’S EXVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
QU Jia-Ping
1993, 9(1):  58-61,66. 
Abstract ( 614 )   PDF (351KB) ( 1365 )  
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Agro-environmental protection is an important par: of the environment protption and the county government is the obligor of the county's agro-environmetal protection.Itis suggested .that the county government should incorporated the agro environmental protection into its aiming responsibilty system of environmental protection in southern areas of Jingso province.Methods for carrying out aiming responsilility system of agro environniental protechon have been proposed. which include(1)entring a plan list,setting up office andmaking clear a resoponsibility;(2)working out a quantiuntive checkcup target;(3)legislating the national law and localreg alation for agro environmental protertion as soon as possible, The key measure for the implementation of responsibility system.i.e.quantitative check up substance has been discussed in detaily.