A great amount of data and infurniation arc used to analyze the rcaltionship between exploitation and utilization of writer resource and the ccological environment in Huang- Huai - Hai Plain.In order to improve the ecological environment, groundwatcr should be greally conibined with surface water and measures for .saving - water should be adopted. The characteristics of ecological environment in Huang - Huai- Hai Plain, the exploitation and utilization of water resources and tlic analyzing of ecological environmental cliangcxs and solution for rational exploitation and analyzing of ecological environmental changes and solution for rational exploitation and utilization of witer resources and improving the ecological environment arc discussed in the paper.

On the basis of agricultural evaluation of natural resources of main mountains (such as Shennongjia, Dabie mountain, Xucfcng mountain and Yunkai mountain) in the castern pan of subtropics of China, economic profits are selected in agrteultrual development as target by the application of grey situation decision. The results show that development of agriculture (grain crops and economic plants) must be placed in the firt position among agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline and fishery, and that the best economic profits of agriculture and forestry can be achieved in the south slopes of Shcnnongjia mountain, and the best economic profits of animal husbandry, industry and sideline can be reached in the Yunkai mountain. 

Hunan town of Wuxi city was selected as one of the towns, which has travelling and scenery resources, to study the possibilities and strategics of coordinating the economic development of the town and ecological environment in the exploitation of the resources. Rased on the investigation, the advantages and possibilities of rational use of the resources in Mashan town are analyzed. The principles of environmental objective programme, eco-economics programme targets and strategies of coordinating the construction of industry and ecological environment in the economic development of the town are proposed.

On the taste of the field investigation and relative information from 107 town-villages in Shenyang municipality, this paper deals With the gradient of special distribution of the agroecasystcm. Principal components is applied in the analysis. The results show that a ringlikc pattern of distribution is shaped around urban districts of Shenyang under the comprehensive influence of natural and social-economic conditions, and is divided into four types of agroccosystcm, i. e. city, surburbs, outer surburbs and rural respectively. Moreover, according to gradient laws, the problems about the strategics for agroccosystcm development are discussed. The study can be used to provide a reference for the agricultural research between tiAvn and countryside.

In the experiment, a grain-pig-fowl-fish-biogas complex system was constructed instead of simple grain-pig system at a farmer household in Jianhu county of Jiangsu province. The results showed that the productivity, ecological and economic benefits were greatly raised in the new system. Method for calculating re-utilizing degree of the biomass energy is presented.

On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of farmland energy flow in Xiji county, the obstructive factors for low energy import and energy using efficiency, cultivation ways, drought, rainstorm, hailstorm and soil erosion. Measures for increasing the energy use efficiency include energy conccntrativc throwing, importing the excellent seeds, intensive cultivation, building terraced fields and afforestation and transplanting grass etc. 

On the basis of the Investigation and analysis of different family household ecosystems, the dominance and stability indexes of complcxed systems were introduced in four typos of family household ecosystem to evaluate quantitatively the structure and to analyze and compare energy input-output as well as economic efficiencies. The results showed that the dominance and stability indexes could effectively quantify the equipollence and stability of ecosystems and could be used as main parameters to cvalutc the ecological structure. 

As one of the development patterns of agro-engineering, a mushroom factory had been set up in a village of Huang-Huai -Hai plain. It is proved that development form of "mushroom culture in different places" makes the agroccosystcm more flexible to use the advantages and to avoid disadvantages of both city and countrysides in order to achieve the best economic benefit. An assembly line was formed to suit to a large sacle production. The results show that the ceo-economical effect was remarkable. This development form may be extended throughout the region. 

On the basis of the experiments of feeding pigs with cllicken manure carried out at Heheng ecological pig raising farm and Guquan exerimcntal farm of ecological engineering, the effect of feeding pigs with chicken manure on the growth of pig and its benefit were investigated. The amount of ingestive feed and weight gain of the pigs were determined, and the amion acids in the pork and economic profits were analyzed., The results show that when the nutrient levers in the pig-feed is lower, the growth of the pigs can be promoted by adding proper amount of cllicken manure into the pig-food, and the nutrient quality of the pork arc not affected. No matter how the nutrient levers of the pig-feed arc, it is suggested that the best economic benefit can be achieved by adding about 30% chickcn manure into the pig-feed. 

In this paper, the problem of aquatic environment in Dafcng county was analyzed with the method of economics, ecology and socialogy. It is concluded that there is an cxponctial equation between pollution synthesis index of surface water and the losses induced by aquatic environment worsening. The concepts of environment cost and its coefficient, discount rate of net industry output and pure net value arc also introduced. Throughout the analysis and calculation, it was showed that in recent years the increasing rate of the loss was higher than that of GNP. Therefore it is suggested that Dafcnt should pay the equal attention to ecological construction as economic construction. Suggestions fur industrial distribution in Dafcng county from tlic view of economical ecology have been also provided in the paper.

In this paper, grey clustering method is applied to evaluate the environment-economic benefit of fifteen paper null in Changdc city of Hunan province. The paper mill arc classfcicd into four groups according to the selected eight parameters. 

Rural water pollution and cutrophication caused by effluents from poultry and livestock farm were studied. The rcsuits indicated that the surface water in Yanjin river was seriously contaminated by the effluents both in rising and falling periods. In comparision with National Surface Water Hygienic Standard (Ⅲ), the water pullutioa levels .expressed as oxcess times of cacti pollutant value over eachstandard value were as follows: COD 0. 96——6. 45, total Culiform 11——12839, total bacteria 1039——16399 respectively. TotalColiphages were ranged from 104 to 106 PFU/L. Year average values were as follows, cldorophyll a 11. 64μg/1, to at posspnorous 3. 97mg/ 1, phosphate 1. 96mg/l, pH 7. 96, COD 14. 31mg/l, total bacteria 2. 28×10⁶ml, total Coliform 6.41×10⁷/1. total Coliptiagc 1. 90× 10⁶PFU/1 (host stralas. E. Colt. K-12 and E. Culi. B). 

Based on the principles of environmental economics, methods for assessment of effects of regional water pollution on fishery arc systematically approached. The preliminary estimation results in Taihu lake area of Jtangsu province arc reported in the paper.

Sulfatc adsorption experiment has been carried on five typical soils in southern China.The adsorption equations of different types of soil were investigated in order to provide a scientific basis for studies the effects of acid rain on soils.

Waste minimization is a management system initiated by the Unitod States of America to reduce waste production amount and waste treatment and disposal costs and to combine the production goats of enterprises with environmental protection. The definition, mechanism of waste minimization system, enforcement organization network and procedure, tips for setting up waste minimization progranit essential requirements of successful waste minimization project and characters of waste minimization system arc introduced in the paper, and its application basis and difficulties in China arc anatyzed. 

Rased on the investigation of some rural asbestos products enterprises, in which the asbestos polltion is effectivelyprevented, It is concluded that the pollution from rural asbestos product enterprises can be prevented and asbestos product enterprises can be maintained in rural, only if the enterprises adopt necessary countermeasure for asbestos pollution. Eight countermcastires for the prevention of asbestos pollution arc suggested in the paper.