As an important proposition in the field of development economics, “resource curse” has received wide attention since it was put forward. Large volumes of studies have demonstrated that the phenomenon of “resource curse” does exist, and analyzed mechanisms of its transmission. However, some studies question its existence, holding that its existence is conditional. The cause of the “resource curse” phenomenon is site-specific. Especially unequal resources development and utilization systems subject resource exporting regions to serious “exploitation”, and ecological values of the natural resources fall far from being reflected. Aafter in-depth analysis of the phenomenon and its transmission mechanism,countermeasures and suggestions are elaborated for eliminating the “resource curse” phenomenon and for promoting the restructuring of resource exhausted areas are elaborated from the aspects of internal approaches, such as upgrading of industrial structure, investment in human capital, tax reform and institutional management, and from external mechanism such as social responsibility, regional coordination mechanism, carbon trading, ecological safety, green tax, consumption and pay, etc., while stressing the importance of establishing ecological compensation mechanism, which may serve as a scientific basis for eliminating the “resource curse” phenomenon and realizing the sustainable development of the resources-rich area and collaborative development of the regions.

How to assess the global biodiversity and predict its declining trend and associated impacts on the well-being of mankind has turned out to be one of the important orientations of the current study on biodiversity over the world.The connotation of, approaches to and achievements in global biodiversity assessment have been elaborated by combining recent advancement in the study on global biodiversity assessment. The conceptual framework of driving-force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) is currently the major framework in use in most biodiversity assessment projects. Based on objectives of the assessments, the methods of biodiversity assessment can be classified into three main types, i.e. index assessment, model simulation, and scenario analysis. Currently, the global 2010 target assessment index framework, the integrated model to assess the global environment (IMAGE)/GLOBIO model, and the scenario models set up on environmental outlooks of Special Report on Emissions Scenarios(SRES)of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC), Millennium Ecosystem Assessment(MA), Global Environment Outlook(GEO), and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) are most commonly used in the global assessment projects. The results of a number of global assessment projects show that the declining trend of the global biodiversity has not yet been effectively curbed, and will even be accelerated in this century. In the future, the study should go deep in understanding the relationship between biodiversity, ecosystem service and human well-being, and exploring for development of a 2020 global assessment index framework and a multi-scenario, multi-model and multi-ecosystem based integrated biodiversity assessment method. China should conscientiously sum up its experience in studying theories and methodology for global biodiversity assessment, strengthen construction of its 2020 target assessment index framework and biodiversity monitoring network, develop area-specific integrated biodiversity assessment models and scenario analysis methods with proprietary intellectual property rights, conduct periodically integrated assessment of the biodiversity of the country, get to know status quo and developing trend of its biodiversity, so as to provide services to its decision-makers in respect to preservation and management of biodiversity.

Mechanism and control of the invasion of alligator weeds (Alternanthera philoxeroides) was discussed. It was concluded that the successful invasion of alligator weeds is not only associated with its specific biological characteristics, such as vegetative propagation, high phenotypic plasticity, extensive adaptability, strong stress resistance and so on, but also is related to invasibility of the habitat it invaded, intensive human disturbance, lack of natural enemies and global climate change. It is essential to integrate physical, chemical and biological means into its control strategy, intensify inter-regional management and adopt time- and site-specific optimal measures for the control. Specially, more attention should be paid to the research on competition relationship between the invasive alligator weeds and native species, for better use of the latter to control invasion of the former.

A total of 120 samples of rough rice were collected from 6 main rice cultivation areas in China for analysis of content and distribution of Cd and Pb in the grains using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results show that the average Cd content in rough rice, milled rice, rice bran and rice bran oil was (0.116 ± 0.057), (0.089 ± 0.413), (0.149 ± 0.069), and (0.111 ± 0.043) mg•kg^-1, respectively,and that the six main rice cultivation areas followed a descending order of Central China,South  China,North China,Northwest China, Northeast China,and Southwest China in Cd content in rough rice and its processed products. The results also show that the average Pb content in rough rice, milled rice, rice bran and rice bran oil was (0.232 ± 0.105), (0.125 ± 0.061), (0.301 ± 0.142) and (0.089 ± 0.024) mg•kg^-1, respectively, and that the six areas followed an order of Central China ,South China,Northwest China,North China ,Northeast China ,and Southwest China in Pb content in rough rice and its processed products. In terms of average Cd content, rice bran came first and was then followed by rough rice, rice bran oil and milled rice in sequence, while in terms of Pb content, rice bran was still the first and was then followed by rough rice, milled rice and rice bran oil. The processing of rough rice into milled rice removed (9.40 ± 1.46)% Cd and (36.03 ± 1.15)% Pb, and the processing of rice bran into rice bran oil left (62.43 ± 2.00)% Cd and (31.24 ± 0.63)% Pb in the latter.

Fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) of the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi from 2000 to 2009 was extracted from MODIS NDVI using the mixed pixel decomposition model for study of its overall trend and variation of FVC and its driving forces in regions, of which zoning was done in light of factors like type of vegetation coverage, terrain, climate and soil. Results show that on the whole, the FVC of the plateau displayed a rising trend during the period from 2000 to 2009, and increased about 10 percentage point . The area of the zone with FVC being 0-10%, ＞10%-20%, ＞20%-30%, ＞30%-40% and ＞40%-50% decreased on average by -1.05%, -8.63%, -7.04%, -7.20% and -3.49%, respectively, while the area of the zone with FVC being ＞50%-60%, ＞60%-70%, ＞70%-80%,＞80%-90% and ＞90%-100% increased on average by 6.92%, 10.53%, 4.05%, 0.87% and 7.06%. Terrain and and hydrothermal conditions are found macroscopically the major factors determining type of vegetation coverage and its density as well. Soil erosion affects the extent of vegetation damage. The implementation of the “Grain for Green” policy is the major contributor to the continuous growth of the FVC.

In order to study environmental effects of crab culture in different ponds in reclamation zones of the Gucheng Lake and screen an optimal ecological pattern of crab culturing, the operation of crab culture and variation of the water environment during the culturing period were monitored and a model was constructed to estimate the carrying capacity of the ponds. Results show that under the current pattern of crab culturing , the waters in the ponds and the water supplying rivers fell in Grade Ⅳ andⅤof the “Standard for Surface Water Environmental Quality” (GB3838-2002), and were obviously lower than that in the Gucheng Lake, which was in Grade III. In the former, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus(TP) were the main polluting factors. In the ponds, the community structures of phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos were simple, and dominated mainly by Cryptomonas ehrenberg, Diaphanosoma and Bellamya. The Margalef species richness index (D) was significantly and positively related with crab output(P<0.05). Based on the current pattern, the largest crab carrying capacity of the ponds is 9855 ind•hm^-2. Based on comparative analysis of the ponds under the current pattern and under the pattern of comprehensive crab culture in pond environment, economic benefit and carrying capacity, an optimal ecological pattern of crab culture is recommended to be (9000±750) ind•hm^-2 in juvenile crab input rate, 0.47 -0.53 in food coefficient, about 70% in aquatic plant coverage (Vallisneria spiraslis 40%, Elodea nuttallii 20%, H.verticallata 10%); and 6000-7500 kg•667hm-2 in snail input rate.

A total of 10 sample lots were selected on waste hillsides of dry valleys typical of the upper reaches of Minjiang River for study on stability of the plant communities on these hillsides by using indices, such as Whittaker β-diversity, overall interspecific association, niche width, niche overlap, and cross points between the species proposition lines and accumulation relative frequency lines. Results show that the altitudinal gradient in β-diversity of the plant communities is very low, indicating that the species succession rate is low; and that the overall interspecific association within the plant communities is significantly positive, indicating that the plant communities are in the steady growth phase; and that Selaginella pulvinata, Allium sikkimense and Carex lanceolat, the three dominant species, relatively higher in niche width, form co-dominant communities. At the same time, interspecific niche overlaps are widely found. The cross point between the species proposition line and accumulation relative frequency line is 11.13/80.

An indoor test was carried out to investigate effects of seeding depth (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 cm beneath sand) and ground water table (0 ,-2 ,-4, -6, -8 and -10cm from soil surface) on seed germination of Pterocarya stenoptera and establishment of their seedlings. It was found that seed germination was the highest with the groundwater table at 0 - -4cm and seedling establishment the best with ground water table at -6cm. With increasing seeding depth, seed germination decreased and delayed and root/canopy ratio in biomass increased. In the 11^th week of the test, no significant difference in plant height was found between seedlings in plots different in seeding depth, indicating that seeding depth does not have any significant impact on seedling growth.Seeding depth of 1-3cm is the most favorable for seed germination and afterward seedling growth.

A fluorescence microscope was used to observe number of pollens adhered on stigmas of wild Magnolia officinalis under natural conditions, pollen adhesion to stigmas through self-pollination and geitonogamous pollination, pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes. It was found that under natural pollination conditions, only 12% of stigmas had some pollen grains adhered, and the number of pollens adhered on each stigma was rather limited; Self-pollination increased the number of pollens adhered on stigmas but the pollens were futile and could not germinate; however, geitonogamous pollination also increased the number of pollens adhered on stigmas and, moreover, the pollens could germinate, but later in time. After pollens got in contact with stigmas, pollen tubes began to grow and 4 hours later, most pollen tubes stopped extending with tips bulging and even twisted. Along with the growth of tubes, a series of callose reactions were observed. Calloses were found at the contacts between the stigmas and pollen tubes and on the surface of stigma papillose cells. They hindered normal extension of pollen tubes. Therefore, the lack of pollination insects and the existence of the pre-fertilization obstacle are the two principal causes leading to endangeredness of the wild M. officinalis.

A field experiment was conducted to study effects of different rice-based cropping systems on DPW (diseases, pests and weeds) hazards and yield of rice. The experiment was designed to have four treatments, i.e. conventional rice farming system (CR, control), conventional Oenanthe javanica farming system（CO）, conventional intercropping of rice with Oenanthe javanica (CRO) and organic intercropping of rice with Oenanthe javanica (ORO). Results show that Treatments CRO and ORO were obviously lower than Treatment CR in DPW hazard; for instance, 45.12% and 47.58% lower, respectively, in number of hills infected with rice leaf blast at the early tillering stage, 41.38% and 6.80% lower, respectively, in number of leaves infected with the disease at the late tillering stage,  69.77% and 44.39% lower at the booting stage and 82.80% and 78.08% lower at the maturity stage, respectively, in number of rice planthoppers, and 48.36% and 39.34% lower in weed density, respectively. Treatment CRO and Treatment ORO was 1.11 and 1.33, respectively, in land equivalent ratio (LER) and 11.31% and 33.11% higher than Treatment CR in yield. In a word, the agroecosystem of intercropping rice with Oenanthe javanica especially in organic mode is obvious in comprehensive effect.

As composting is a common agricultural practice of preparing the manure for farmland application, understanding fate and behavior of the residual antibiotics in the manure under composting will help environmental risk assessment of antibiotics. Swine manure was composted under four different modes of aeration, including natural ventilation, pile-turning, mechanical aeration, pile-turning plus mechanical aeration. Changes in temperature of the piles and germination index were monitored during the composting process. Potential influences of aeration mode, external temperature and initial antibiotic concentration on removal efficiency of four commonly-used veterinary antibiotics (sulfamethazine, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and tiamulin) were examined in detail. Results indicate that the aeration mode of pile-turning plus mechanical aeration promoted maturity of the compost, as evidenced by the highest pile temperature (63 ^oC) and the longest duration of high-temperature period (4 d above 60 ^oC). Most of the antibiotics were degraded in the temperature-rising phase and the high-temperature phase of the manure composting process.The degradation rate increased with the temperature, associated with aeration mode. The initial concentration of 100 mg•kg^-1 of all the four  antibiotics did not retard much the process of composting mode. After 28 d of high-temperature composting, the concentration of sulfamethazine, oxytetracycline,chlortetracycline,and tiamulin dropped remarkably from 100 mg•kg^-1 to 1.90, 7.20, 6.64 and 8.75 mg•kg^-1, respectively.

Chemical amendments were applied to and red ramie cultivated in multi-metal contaminated acid soil of Dabaosan mining site, and then response of the microbial community therein in biological feature was investigated. The chemical amendments significantly improved activity of the soil microbial communities in plots before the cultivation of red ramie showing an order of manure + limestone ≈fly ash > dolomite > limestone > control in  effect. Treatment manure + limestone was the most significant in improving metabolic diversity of the microbial community. However, the order altered in the presence of red ramie into the one of manure + limestone > fly ash > limestone > control > dolomite. The effect of manure + limestone was more significant with red ramie than without the crop.  In plots with red ramie, manure + limestone stimulated root exudation of L-serine, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, L-arginine etc., enabling soil microbes to better use carbon sources of amine and amino acid types. Soil microbes in all the treatments were found to have been enhanced in ability to utilize saccharides, amino acids, amines and some others as carbon sources, which contributes to biological remediation of heavy metals contaminated soils.

Effects of dicyandiamide (DCD) inhibiting nitrification and soil acidification caused by nitrogen fertilizer in two Ultisol samples collected separately from Langxi of Anhui Province and Yingtan of Jiangxi Province were investigated through indoor incubation.Results show that when no nitrogen fertilizer was applied, DCD suppressed nitrification of residual ammonium nitrogen in the soils and subsequent soil acidification,leading to rise in pH by 0.37 and 0.40 in the soils from Langxi and from Yingtan,respectively as compared with the controls at the end of the incubation. When urea or ammonium bicarbonate was added, DCD inhibited nitrification of ammonium released from the nitrogen fertilizers and subsequent soil acidification. In addition to hydrolysis of  urea and consumption of protons by the association of bicarbonate ions with H⁺,the addition of DCD also offset to a certain extent the effect of the two fertilizers on red soil acidity.At the end of incubation, Treatments urea+DCD and ammonium bicarbonate+DCD was 0.62 and 0.46 higher in pH than their counterparts without DCD in the soil from Langxi, and 0.82 and 0.69 higher in the soil from Yingtan. The treatments with DCD were also significantly lower in content of exchangeable acids than their couterparts without DCD.It is, therefore,concluded that combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and DCD can effectively alleviate red soil acidification caused by nitrogen fertilizers.

Community structure and species diversity of metazoan zooplankton was investigated monthly from May 2009 to March 2010 in Gehu Lake. A total of one hundred species of metazoan zooplankton were found and identified as 52 species of Rotifera under 25 genera, 21species of Cladocera under 12 genera, and 27 species of Copepoda under 14 genera. The community was dominated mainly by Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus angularis, Polyarthra trigla, copepodid and Bosmina longirostris, with rotifera accounting for 98.7% of the total.The density of the zooplankton was 1 572 L^-1 on average annually and peaked in spring, while the biomass of the  zooplankton was 2.34 mg•L^-1 on average annually and peaked in summer. The biomass of Cladocera was significantly and positively related to the density of Copepoda ( r = 0.516，P＜0.01) , whereas the biomass of Rotifera negatively related to the biomass of Copepoda. Density and biomass of the metazoan zooplankton varied sharply with the season, showing an descending order of spring ,summer,autumn,and winter,and of summer,spring,autumn,and winter, respectively. The values of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index，Margalef species richness index and Pielou index indicate that the Gehu Lake was light to moderate in pollution.

Effects of nonylphenol (NP) stress on growth, pigment content, activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were studied. Results show that the growth of C. reinhardtii was inhibited by increasing NP concentration in the range of 0-0.8 mg •L^-1 and after 5 days of incubation the inhibition rate in Treatment 0.8 mg •L^-1 NP reached 84.4%. The content of chlorophyll a increased first and then decreased but carotenoid content decreased gradually with rising NP concentration. In Treatment 0.6 mg•L^-1 NP the content of chlorophyll a and the content of carotenoid was 16.7% and 37.2%, respectively,lower than that in the control(P < 0.05). The content of total soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased with increasing NP concentration, and was significantly lower in Treatment 0.4 and 0.6 mg•L^-1 NP than in the control (P < 0.05) . Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity increased with increasing NP concentration and was 25.0 and 32.1 times higher in Treatment 0.6 mg•L^-1 NP than in the control(P < 0.001) , respectively. The content of glutathione (GSH) also increased with increasing NP concentration in the range of 0-0.2 mg•L^-1 and began to turn downwards when NP concentration rose beyond 0.2 mg•L^-1, indicating that NP stress may induce rise of GSH content.

An experiment of Zn exposure of Procambarus clarkii was conducted to investigate bioaccumulation of the element in various organs (hemolymph, gill, hepatopancreas, digestive tract, gonad, antennal gland and muscle) of the crayfish as affected by Zn²⁺ concentration (0.40, 4.04 and 40.37 mg•L^-1) in the solution and duration of the exposure (2h, 8h, 1d, 3d, 7d, 14d and 21d). Six crayfishes were taken out randomly from each concentration group each time for analysis of w (Zn²⁺) . Results show that w in gills, hepatopancreas and muscle displayed a rising trend along with the on-going exposure. Their gills and hepatopancreas accumulated more zinc than other tissues, with bioaccumulated concentration factor (BCF) being 407.78, 79.46 and 40.80 and 656.90, 143.58 and 41.39 respectively, in the three concentration groups. However, no significant accumulation was found in such tissues as antennal gland, digestive tract, gonad and hemolymph. In gonad and antennal gland w was increasing steadily at the initial stage of the exposure and then decreasing rapidly and in the end leveled off below that that of the control group. In the digestive tract, w peaked twice in all the concentration groups, in hemolymph it did once only in the two groups low in Zn²⁺ concentration (0.40 and 4.04 mg•L^-1) and three times in the group of 40.37 mg•L^-1. The higher the concentration the crayfish was exposed to, the quicker the first peak of w appeared and the higher it peaked. All the above described findings indicate that crayfish is a species liable to Zinc accumulation from environment, but mainly in gills and hepatopancreas. It is, therefore, advised that for the sake of food safety, do not eat gills and hepatopancreas of Procambarus clarkii caught from the environmental under zinc stress.

The semi-static toxicity test method was used to determine 96h acute toxicity of PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate) to Pagrosomus major so as to explore toxicity of PFOS to the fish and mechanism of the toxication and analyze effects of the substance varying in concentration, 0.1 mg•L^-1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg•L^-1 on SOD, CAT, POD activities and MDA content in gills and damage to the tissue . Results show that the 96h-LC₅₀ of PFOS to P. major was 22.56 mg•L^-1. In the group of fish exposed to 0.1 mg•L^-1 of PFOS,SOD activity in gills was induced first and then inhibited, while in the groups of fish exposed to 1.0 and 2.0 mg•L^-1 of PFOS,SOD activity was significantly inhibited (P< 0.05) and the SOD inhibition rate reached 14.86% on D15 in the group exposed to 2.0 mg•L^-1 of PFOS. CAT activities in all the groups followed a similar "U" pattern and the CAT activity induction rate reached 40.53% and 62.32% on D7 and D15, respectively, in the group exposed to 2.0 mg•L^-1 of PFOS. POD activity in the low dosage group increased significantly (P <0.05) on D1 and declined afterwards down to the level in the control, while in the moderate and high dosage groups, it was first inhibited and then induced, with induction rate reaching 63.05% on D15 in the high dosage group. The variation of MDA content did not show any pattern. At the end of clean water recovery period, SOD activity in all the three groups returned to the level in the control, while CAT and POD activities and MDA content still differed significantly between the PFOS treated groups and the control group (P<0.05). Under the stress of PFOS, the fish was found to have its gill filaments losing their epitheles and getting merged, and the lesion aggravated with the concentration of the toxicant and the duration of the exposure. The findings of this study indicate that PFOS may bring about multiple levels of toxic effects on the gill of P. major.

In order to explore relationship between nitrite nitrogen and outbreak of Streptococcus iniae disease among tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus GIFT) and environmental mechanism of the outbreak, studies were carried out on susceptibility of the fish to the disease under the stress of nitrite nitrogen varying in concentration (<0.01, 0.75, 1.50, 3.00,and 5.00 mg•L^-1), and response of serum superoxide dismutases (SODs) in the fish in activity, which is an index of the fish’s serum immunity enzymes. Results show that mortality of the fish exposed to the disease rose with the concentration of nitrite nitrogen and the duration of the exposure (P<0.05), and leveled off after 12 to 13 days of exposure, reaching 20.00%, 23.33%, 30.00%, 43.33% and 46.67%, respectively, in groups of fish exposed to <0.01, 0.75, 1.50, 3.00 and 5.00 mg•L^-1 nitrite nitrogen. Serum SOD activity in tilapia declined with the rising concentrations of nitrite nitrogen. In Treatment ≤1.50 mg•L^-1 NO₂^--N, SOD activity of the fish was lower than that in the control, but the difference never reached a significant level (P>0.05) in the experiment. However, after 48, 96 and 120 hours of exposedure, SOD activity was much lower in Treatment ≥3.00 mg•L^-1 NO₂^--N than in the control. It is, therefore, held that high concentrations of nitrite nitrogen (≥3.00 mg•L^-1) can significantly affect immunity of the fish, thus increasing its susceptibility to the disease of Streptococcus iniae.

With the Wunan River of Changzhou set as a control unit for allocation of COD capacity, a three-layer(type of pollution source–breakdown of the pollution source–pollutant discharging unit)distribution framework was constructed.  A multi-level index system was selected layer by layer and type by type, and synthetic weight of each allocation object was calculated using product of initial weight and quantized value of each index. In the end, based on the synthetic weights, water environment capacity was allocated layer by layer. Results of the allocation are that domestic pollution and pollution from fish breeding and poultry raising are the two major targets for reduction, and their COD reduction rate is set by 41.6% and 35.5%, respectively at the first layer. The pollution reduction rate should be higher for scattered fish breeding and poultry raising than for concentrated fish breeding and poultry raising. The pollution reduction rate should be higher for rural domestic sources than for urban domestic sources. No quota is set for pollution reduction for crop farming, but for industry, especially textile dyeing and finishing enterprises, which is the priority for pollution reduction at the second layer.The quotas for pollution reduction for scattered and concentrated fish breeding and poultry raising in townships and districts and for rural and urban domestic lives are set as high as at the second layer. The quotas is higher for dyeing and finishing enterprises than for textile ones at the third layer. In this allocation system, the quotas for COD reduction for all the objects are lower than 50%, indicating that the targets areshould be obtainable.

To understand status of the management basis of a nature reserves, a model for quantitative evaluation of management basis of nature reserves was constructed. The model consists of 9 representative indices, i.e. scope and functional zoning, population density, area of the land under the servitude, type of the management agency, authority level of the management institution, size of the staff, financial budget, funds for ecological preservation and infrastructure. Those indices were selected from the three aspects, i.e. objective conditions, staffing and institutional structure, and finance and facilities.The model was applied to all the nature reserves in Zhejiang Province. Results show that the average nature reserve index(I_NR) of the nature reserves in Zhejiang Province is 64.82, which means their overall management basis is graded as in middle in  level. The I_NR of the state-level reserves and most of the province-level reserves are relatively high, but the I_NR of the county-level nature reserves are quite low, indicating that these reserves are weak in management basis. The findings demonstrate that this model can be used to effectively evaluate quantitatively status of the management basis of nature reserves, which may help nature reserve administrators find out weaknesses in their management.

To determine residues of chlorpyrifos, pyridaben, fenpropathrin,and cyhalothrin in the atmosphere simultaneously, a gas chromatography(GC) method was developed. Air samples were collected using a high-volume PUF sampler and extracted with the technique of Soxhlet extraction using hexane. Concentrations of target pesticides in the samples were determined by gas chromatography-electron capture detection, and quantified with the external standard method. The linear range of the four pesticides was 50-1000ng •mL^-1(r >0.999). The mean recovery rates of the four pesticides in the air samples varied in the range of 80.94%-112.43% and relative standard(RSD) of the determination was in the range of 0.97%-8.58%.The limit of detection is 0.016 7, 0.028 7, 0.045 6, and 0.016 2 mg•m^-3, respectively, for of chlorpyrifos, pyridaben, fenpropathrin and cyhalothrin. This method is applicable to determination of concentrations of pesticides in the surrounding atmosphere of a pesticide factory.

A case study was conducted of the safety information management of agricultural produce from farmlands high in safety risk in Jiangsu province. The main objectives of the study were to set forth a design scheme for establishment of a produce safety information management system for agricultural production areas using WebGIS technology in light of data characteristics of the safety information of agricultural production areas and requirements of decision-making in this field, and to explore targets,  missions, structure, database and functions of this information management system. According to the missions of the system, five functions, including map browse, query and pivot, data statistics, management of farmland environment monitoring information and management of farmland suitability information, were designed. The system adopted a three-tier structure, consisting of a client tier, an intermediary business processing tier and a database server tier. According to the principal features of the environment information of the production areas high in safety risk in Jiangsu Province, the system database was also designed to have three layers structure,including index tables, attribute lists and data sheets. And C# and MapXtreme was used as the platform for primary development and running of the system.

In order to appraise potential capacity of Orius sauteri controlling MEAM1 Bemisia tabaci, predatory effect of adult O. sauteri on B. tabaci pseudopupae was studied in the laboratory. Results show that the functional responses of adult O. sauteri preying on B. tabaci pseudopupae could be classified into the type of Holling II in the circumstance of 20 - 32 ℃ in temperature. Its catch increased with density of the prey and was the highest at 28℃ when the prey density stayed the same, but its searching and predation efficiencies decreased with increasing prey density. Its intraspecific interference fitted the equation of E =0.3055P^-0.6816 and the intensity of its scramble competition fitted the equation of I=1.0250lgP+0.0380. The above findings listed above indicate that the predation of O. sauteri on B. tabaci pseudopupae is influenced jointly by density of the predators, density of the prey and temperature.